Diet "4 table" - features, nutritional recommendations, menu. Diet “4 table” - features, nutritional recommendations, menu Daily intake

Let's figure out what a therapeutic diet is. Nutritional therapy is prescribed for various diseases and is a mandatory method of therapy. In some cases, this is the only or primary method of treatment. Founder of dietetics M. I. Pevzner, who developed the basics therapeutic nutrition, wrote that in its absence there is no rational treatment. For each disease, a specific table is assigned.

Thus, Table No. 4 (Diet No. 4 according to Pevzner) is prescribed for intestinal diseases occurring with. The purpose of its administration in this condition is to reduce inflammation, fermentation and putrefactive processes that predominate in this case. It protects the intestines and helps normalize digestion.

Due to the reduction of fats (up to 70 g) and carbohydrates (250 g), it has a reduced energy value. Daily calorie content is 2000 kcal. At the same time, the normal protein content (90 g) is maintained. All kinds of intestinal irritants are significantly limited: mechanical, chemical and thermal.

Products that enhance secretion, fermentation and putrefaction processes, stimulants of bile secretion, secretion of gastric juice and pancreas are excluded. Dishes are boiled or steamed, served in a liquid, semi-liquid or mashed state. Very hot and cold foods are excluded. Salt is allowed in the amount of 8-10 g, the water regime is 1.5-2 liters per day. Meals are provided up to 5-6 times a day, in fractional portions and warm.

The basic rules are:

six meals a day, the basis of which are mashed, pureed, mushy dishes, slimy soups;
boiled and steam cooking methods;
Hard, thick, hot and cold foods are prohibited.

Varieties

Authorized Products

Dietary food at this table involves the use of dried wheat bread or crackers. You can eat 200 g of thinly sliced and not very fried crackers per day. Unsweetened dry cookies are allowed.

Porridge is the main product

The basis of the diet is pureed porridge from semolina, rice (white rice), buckwheat and oatmeal, which are prepared in water or broth (low-fat). Butter is added in the amount of 5 g per serving, per day - 50 g.

Soups are also prepared with low-fat and non-rich fish or meat broth, adding permitted cereals, a minimum of vegetables, boiled and pureed meat, quenelles, egg flakes, meatballs, etc.

The fourth table involves the consumption of lean and lean varieties of beef, chicken, turkey, veal, and rabbits. To do this, the meat is additionally degreased, and the tendons and skin of the bird are removed.

Steam cutlets, soufflé or meatballs are prepared. They can also be stewed in a saucepan over water. When preparing cutlets, put boiled rice or semolina. You can make pate from boiled meat with a minimum of salt.

Low-fat varieties of fish are prepared in pieces or chopped in the form of quenelles, cutlets and meatballs. They can also be cooked by steaming or in water. 1-2 eggs per day are allowed, which are cooked soft-boiled or steamed omelettes, added to soufflés and soups.

As for cottage cheese, it should be unleavened (non-acidic) and mashed; you can use it to make steamed soufflés and casseroles. Vegetables are eaten only as a pureed addition to soups and in small quantities.

Mashed raw apples, applesauce, berry jelly from blueberries, dogwood, quince, bird cherry, pears and fruit drinks are allowed. If well tolerated, you can drink diluted fresh juices from non-acidic berries (diluted 1:1 with water). The exceptions are grape, apricot and plum juices. Herbal tea, rosehip decoction, bird cherry infusion, dried dogwood, blueberries, green and black tea, still water up to 1.5 liters per day are allowed.

Table of permitted products

	Proteins, g	Fats, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories, kcal
Fruits
quince	0,6	0,5	9,8	40
pears	0,4	0,3	10,9	42
apples	0,4	0,4	9,8	47
Nuts and dried fruits
dried pears	2,3	0,6	62,6	249
Cereals and porridges
buckwheat (kernel)	12,6	3,3	62,1	313
semolina	10,3	1,0	73,3	328
oatmeal	12,3	6,1	59,5	342
oatmeal	11,9	7,2	69,3	366
white rice	6,7	0,7	78,9	344
Bakery products
white bread crackers	11,2	1,4	72,2	331
Confectionery
Maria cookies	8,7	8,8	70,9	400
Dairy products
skim milk	2,0	0,1	4,8	31
acidophilus	2,8	3,2	3,8	57
Cheeses and cottage cheese
cottage cheese 0.6% (low fat)	18,0	0,6	1,8	88
Meat products
boiled beef	25,8	16,8	0,0	254
boiled veal	30,7	0,9	0,0	131
rabbit	21,0	8,0	0,0	156
Bird
boiled chicken	25,2	7,4	0,0	170
turkey	19,2	0,7	0,0	84
Oils and fats
butter	0,5	82,5	0,8	748
Non-alcoholic drinks
mineral water	0,0	0,0	0,0	-
green tea	0,0	0,0	0,0	-
black tea	20,0	5,1	6,9	152

Fully or partially limited products

Diet number 4 for the intestines is based on the exclusion of foods containing fiber. In this regard, vegetables are excluded (can be decoctions or added to soup), bran, whole grain, rye and bran bread with the addition of seeds and cereals, which additionally injure the intestinal mucosa and are poorly digested.

Fresh bread, pastries, pancakes and pancakes cause fermentation and rotting in the intestines and are therefore prohibited. For the same reason, jam, dried fruits, honey, jams and other sweets are not allowed, and sugar is allowed in a limited amount of 50 g per day (in all dishes).

Porridges made from millet, barley, pearl barley, legumes and pasta are coarse and poorly digestible foods that must be excluded during the period of exacerbation of the disease.

Rich fatty broths that enhance intestinal motility, fatty meats, sausages, fatty fish, canned food and salted fish are also prohibited.

Whole milk, sour cream, cream and cheese can cause increased diarrhea . Milk is used only in diluted form when preparing porridges and puddings.

Cocoa and coffee with milk, kvass, carbonated drinks that increase intestinal motility and bloating are unacceptable for these diseases. You cannot eat sauces and marinades, smoked meats, sausages, or ham.

Table of prohibited products

	Proteins, g	Fats, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories, kcal
Vegetables and greens
vegetables	2,5	0,3	7,0	35
vegetables legumes	9,1	1,6	27,0	168
potato	2,0	0,4	18,1	80
horseradish	3,2	0,4	10,5	56
Fruits
bananas	1,5	0,2	21,8	95
melon	0,6	0,3	7,4	33
Berries
grape	0,6	0,2	16,8	65
Mushrooms
mushrooms	3,5	2,0	2,5	30
Nuts and dried fruits
dried fruits	2,3	0,6	68,2	286
Cereals and porridges
pearl barley	9,3	1,1	73,7	320
wheat cereal	11,5	1,3	62,0	316
millet cereal	11,5	3,3	69,3	348
barley groats	10,4	1,3	66,3	324
Flour and pasta
pasta	10,4	1,1	69,7	337
Confectionery
jam	0,3	0,2	63,0	263
jam	0,3	0,1	56,0	238
candies	4,3	19,8	67,5	453
cookie	7,5	11,8	74,9	417
Ice cream
ice cream	3,7	6,9	22,1	189
Cakes
cake	4,4	23,4	45,2	407
Raw materials and seasonings
seasonings	7,0	1,9	26,0	149
mustard	5,7	6,4	22,0	162
Dairy products
kefir	3,4	2,0	4,7	51
sour cream	2,8	20,0	3,2	206
Cheeses and cottage cheese
cheese	24,1	29,5	0,3	363
Meat products
pork	16,0	21,6	0,0	259
ham	22,6	20,9	0,0	279
Sausages
boiled sausage	13,7	22,8	0,0	260
dry-cured sausage	24,1	38,3	1,0	455
sausages	10,1	31,6	1,9	332
sausages	12,3	25,3	0,0	277
Bird
duck	16,5	61,2	0,0	346
goose	16,1	33,3	0,0	364
Fish and seafood
dried fish	17,5	4,6	0,0	139
smoked fish	26,8	9,9	0,0	196
canned fish	17,5	2,0	0,0	88
Oils and fats
vegetable oil	0,0	99,0	0,0	899
animal fat	0,0	99,7	0,0	897
cooking fat	0,0	99,7	0,0	897
Non-alcoholic drinks
bread kvass	0,2	0,0	5,2	27
Juices and compotes
juice	0,3	0,1	9,2	40
* data is per 100 g of product

Menu (Power Mode)

It is necessary to organize 6 meals a day and so that the 4th table for the week includes alternating a variety of protein dishes (beef, chicken, fish, rabbit, turkey, cottage cheese) and cereals, and egg dishes daily.

Below is sample menu for a week of diet No. 4, which can be modified at will, however, the basic principles regarding the set of permitted foods and their heat treatment remain unchanged.

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Breakfast	overcooked oatmeal With butter; chopped boiled meat; cottage cheese 100g; coffee without milk; small cracker (biscuits).
Lunch	apple puree.
Dinner	chicken broth with rice and egg flakes; crackers; ground buckwheat porridge; boiled rabbit meatballs; decoction of pear, quince, black currant.
Afternoon snack	warm jelly; crackers (low-fat cookies).
Dinner	pureed rice porridge; steamed hake fillet meatballs; black tea with sugar.
For the night	warm jelly.

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

Diet 4th table recipes for the week

Here are some recipes.

Compound : 50 g water, 50 g rice, 15 g butter, salt, 300 g pike perch fillet.

Cooking steps . Cook a viscous porridge from white rice. Pass it together with the pike perch pulp through a meat grinder (preferably twice), add melted butter, a little salt and water. Beat the minced meat well and form into meatballs. Cook in a steamer or any device for steaming dishes.

Steamed hake fillet balls

Compound : one egg, 300 g hake fillet, 50 g semolina, salt.

Cooking steps . Pass the fillet through a meat grinder, add semolina (no need to boil it), salt, egg, mix and beat thoroughly. Cook the chopped meatballs in a double boiler.

Steamed beef cutlets

Compound : 700 g beef, 1 pc. onions, 2 chicken eggs, rice flour 100 g, salt.

Cooking steps . Pass the meat and onions through a meat grinder. Add egg, salt and rice flour. Knead the minced meat well and put it in the refrigerator for an hour. Form cutlets and place them in a steamer, having previously greased the bottom and walls vegetable oil. Cook for 30 minutes.

Compound : 2 chicken eggs, salt, 1.25 glasses of milk.

Steamed omelette

Cooking steps . Beat the eggs well with milk, add salt. Place a small container with the egg mixture in the multicooker bowl, greasing it with butter (vegetable) oil. Cook the omelette in the “steam” mode. If you don’t have a multicooker or double boiler, you can organize water bath: Pour water into a saucepan with a thick bottom and place a container (glass or metal) with the egg mass in it. Grease the omelette pan with oil and it is important that the bottom just touches the surface of the water. Cook over low heat for 35 minutes with the lid closed.

Compound : 0.25 cups buckwheat, 150 g low-fat cottage cheese, one egg, 1 tsp sugar.

Cooking steps . Prepare buckwheat porridge and puree it. Combine with cottage cheese, add yolk and sugar, mix thoroughly and lastly add well-beaten egg white. Place in a pan greased with butter and steam. Drizzle with melted butter.

Puree buckwheat porridge

Compound : 0.5 cups buckwheat, 2 cups water, salt, sugar 1 tsp, butter 5g.

Cooking steps . Prepare buckwheat porridge using more water than for preparing crumbly porridge. Boil with salt and rub it. IN ready dish add sugar and butter.

Therapeutic diet 4th table for children

Applicable when available diarrhea . On the first day, a fasting diet - the child is given only herbal teas and decoctions , mineral water "Borjomi" without gas. The daily amount of liquid is no more than 1 liter, drink is given in fractions, often and in small portions, so as not to provoke vomiting. On the second day, they are transferred to this diet with meals at least 6 times a day.

The diet is no different from that of adults. The child is first given mucous infusions of rice, low-fat, non-cool chicken and beef broth, soups with the addition of oatmeal, semolina and steamed fish and meat dishes. Ground meat or meatballs are added to soups. If the child eats porridge well, then pureed porridge is prepared from buckwheat, rice and oatmeal.

A steam omelet is prepared from eggs; a child can eat cottage cheese in its natural form or as steamed casseroles. Butter is used exclusively for dressing. Decoctions of blueberries, rose hips, quince and jelly are suitable drinks for children. During the day you can give crackers made from wheat bread.

Butter dough, vegetable and milk soups, smoked meats, canned food, sausages, and fatty meats are prohibited. You should not give your child sour cream, milk, vegetables of any kind, carbonated drinks, fresh fruit and grape juice.

After 6 days of dietary nutrition, the child, if necessary, is transferred to a more expanded Diet No. 4B. It allows some vegetables (zucchini, cauliflower, pumpkin, potatoes, carrots), which are added to soups, as well as small vermicelli. Porridge is prepared with a small amount of milk. It is allowed to add sour cream to dishes in small quantities.

Unfortunately, many people around the world suffer from diseases of the digestive system. During the period of their exacerbation, a person cannot eat regular food, he has to dodge and come up with something that does not cause heartburn, vomiting, diarrhea, bloating or other unpleasant symptoms.

But Pevzner at one time developed an excellent diet 4 for patients suffering from chronic gastrointestinal diseases. Diet 4 menus for the week can be compiled independently, guided by the supporting information given below.

What is dietary table 4 for a week?

Diet 4 was developed by Dr. Pevzner as one of his 15 diets for “all occasions”, or rather for many diseases. Doctors recommend following this diet to patients suffering from diseases gastrointestinal tract during an exacerbation of the disease in chronic stages, as well as during one-time diseases, that is, it can be various poisonings and so on.

Typically, a diet is prescribed for problems with the intestines (the appearance of diarrhea, bloating and digestive disorders). The allowed foods in the diet are selected so that dishes made from them do not cause irritation or other negative reactions of the intestinal mucous membranes, and often food during diet 4 has a certain calming effect on the intestines - it reduces fermentation processes and relieves inflammation.

Diet for children

The child may also experience intestinal disorders and unpleasant problems with diarrhea and bloating. In such cases, pediatricians, gastroenterologists and nutritionists recommend that even children adhere to this particular diet, since it is safe for the child’s body, the choice of products is really large, so for allergy sufferers it is possible to replace what directly causes the allergy, and, of course , in case of intestinal disorders, diet greatly saves patients.

If doctors have prescribed the fourth diet as a method of treatment, then you should not ignore it, and to completely heal your baby’s body, force him to follow the diet. For some moral support, diet with him. Any support from parents is very important for a child.

Features of diet table 4

The main distinguishing features of diet 4 is the presence of liquid food in the diet. To be more precise, the entire table of the fourth diet consists of liquid, semi-liquid or ground food. Meals should occur 5-6 times a day at the same time. Eat small and rationally; you cannot overload the intestines with work, otherwise it will cause pain, discomfort and unpleasant consequences. All dishes must be steamed or boiled in water.

Healthy recipes for diet

Beef broth

Ingredients: lean beef 150 grams, water 1 liter.

How to cook: cut lean beef into cubes (to cook faster and easier to chop), cook in water until tender. You cannot add onions, bay leaves, peppers and other spices to the broth. Boiled meat must be ground.

Curd casserole

Ingredients: cottage cheese 250 grams, egg.

How to cook: grind the cottage cheese through a sieve, add a pre-washed egg to it, mix thoroughly. Place the mixture in a baking dish (no need to grease with oil!). Bake until done.

Mashed potatoes

Ingredients: medium-sized potatoes (3-5 pieces), boiled water.

How to cook: potatoes need to be boiled until tender, then chopped using a blender or masher. Pour a little boiling water into the mashed potatoes and stir until the consistency of liquid sour cream.

These recipes are good for every day because they are very easy and quick to prepare.