For fixation thermal insulation material To the surface of the walls, dowels that look like fungi are used; such fasteners are disposable for use. Before installation, special holes are prepared, the correct number of elements and their size are calculated. If the calculation is made incorrectly and the parts are too short, they will not be able to hold the insulation material. This article talks about the types of dowels for insulation, correct calculation, and installation features.
Structure of the dowel fungus
This fastening element consists of a wide cap and a long leg, which expands and securely secures the insulation in a vertical or suspended position. This type of fastening elements is completely immersed into the depth of the wall, the size of the sleeve is selected depending on the thickness of the insulating material, it varies from 80 to 300 millimeters, the cap has a standard value of 59.
The fastening is reliable due to sharp spacer-type notches, which are located in the extreme part of the body. This part is turned towards the plate, thanks to this, the dowel does not fall out after fastening. The fastening is high-quality thanks to the holes on the cap; when pressed, they are immersed in the insulating material.
A mushroom dowel with a disc-shaped cap is used to secure various materials; they are resistant to corrosion, heat, and fire. The cap is made of low-density polyethylene, and the wedge is made of galvanized steel. To fix the insulation of a soft structure, nylon elements are used, but impact-resistant plastic is more durable.
Types and uses of dowel mushroom
To secure various types insulation, it is necessary to select a specific fastener. A universal fastener is a disc-shaped dowel, that is, a fungus, it is used to fix heat-insulating material. The rod can be made of plastic or metal; there is a combined type of element. Let's take a closer look at the types of dowels.
Plastic dowels are made of nylon, polyethylene or polypropylene; they have a number of advantages. Such elements are not subject to corrosion, are lightweight, and easy to install. The fasteners are elastic, so they are securely fixed inside the wall. Plastic elements are divided into nylon and polypropylene types.
- Nylon and polyethylene fungi are used to fix the material to wood, brick, concrete or hollow surfaces.
- Polypropylene parts are used for foam concrete surfaces, hollow bricks or concrete. Such parts are made of polypropylene material; the cap has cone-shaped holes, this helps to perform high-quality fastening. Products of this type have a low thermal conductivity, prevent the formation of cold bridges, and are able to withstand temperatures from -40 to +80 degrees. The price is affordable, but such elements are not used for heavy insulation material.
Dowels with metal nails are used for buildings with thin walls and can withstand significant loads. Due to the rapid freezing of metal, fasteners can form cold bridges, which affects thermal conductivity.
- A rod made of metal material with a thermal head is more durable; such fasteners consist of a steel nail and a plastic plug; it is used to fix insulation. At the same time, cold bridges are not formed and corrosion is prevented. Such dowels are used for wooden walls, they are able to withstand significant loads, and are resistant to chemicals.
- The anchor dowel is placed into the wall using a special gun, this helps reduce work time. Metal anchor mushrooms consist of a steel type nail, the spacer part, and the head are made of polypropylene, which is impact resistant. The size of such an element is the largest compared to other fasteners. Dowels are able to withstand temperatures from -55 to +60 degrees, the main disadvantage is the creation of cold bridges. But this element is able to withstand significant loads, this makes it possible to fix heavy insulation.
How to do the calculations correctly?
When fixing insulating material, up to 10 fasteners can be used per square meter. The number of fasteners used must be indicated by the supplier; exceeding this indicator not only promises significant costs, but also reduces the thermal resistance of the structure.
The length of the fungus dowel leg is determined by the sum of the thickness of the heat-insulating material, the adhesive, and the deviation from the vertical surface. Also, when purchasing, the size of the spacer element is taken into account; all calculations must be performed in advance.
Features of fastening dowels
You can fasten the insulating material yourself, without resorting to the help of hired workers, this will save on costs.
First, you need to prepare the surface, clean it thoroughly, and level it.
Then, using a hammer drill, they make the required depth of the holes; they can be a little larger, but in no case smaller because the fasteners cannot be completely immersed, and the head will protrude. During work, the device must be positioned strictly horizontally.
Then the body of the fastener is placed in the hole and hammered in until it is flush with the wall surface.
At the end, the screw is tightened; if it is a nail, it is driven in with a hammer.
It must be remembered that before insulating the wall, the previous plaster is removed; if this is not possible, then the hole is made deeper. If the mushroom stem has to be shortened, the end needs to be sharpened. To use a fungal dowel on a concrete or brick surface, a length of 50 millimeters is sufficient, and elements of 100 millimeters must be selected for the hollow material.
If the required length is more than 140 millimeters, then you should not purchase mushrooms with a plastic nail. It is better to use a metal element, it will be more reliable and not prone to deformation and breakage.
Dowels with a plastic nail are used to secure lightweight insulating material. Mineral wool, polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam. For heavy insulation, choose durable metal elements.
The diameter of the clamping part always has a standard value of 60 millimeters. The presence of protruding ribs or thickening of the area under the washer increases the reliability of fixation of the insulation.
First of all, it is necessary to take into account the quality of workmanship; the surface of the element must be free of defects, chips, and damage, that is, smooth. Dirty stains indicate poor quality of the material; it will be unreliable. Products with drips or sagging are considered defective.
Then the dowel is tested for strength; it is enough to bend it without the element cracking or deforming. Even if the fastener breaks, it is better to pay for one piece than to purchase the entire batch of defective goods.
Plastic nails must have a high density; thin elements will be inconvenient during installation; they constantly bend.
If there are metal nails included in the kit, they must be carefully examined; when there are even small traces of corrosion on the surface, it is better to avoid such a purchase.
The thermal head can be attached directly to the nail or placed separately; both options can be suitable, if done well. The knot, after snapping onto the cap, should be positioned evenly.
The nail must be inserted until it is completely secured, and to find out how much the spacer section expands, it should double in size, then the fixation will be reliable.
For a loose surface, it is necessary to purchase fasteners that have tendrils; they will provide good fastening inside the wall.
Even if the surface of a nail or screw is treated with zinc, corrosion can occur over time, which can be destructive. To prevent this problem, it is necessary to use fasteners with a thermal head.
You shouldn’t buy cheap dowels without metal nails, as you won’t be able to save money. But in the future it will be difficult to find individual nails of the required diameter, and its cost will be more expensive. Dowels must be purchased as a set.
Advantages of fastening with a metal nail
- Such elements are highly reliable; they can withstand significant loads of up to 300 kilograms, which is twice as much as plastic. Fasteners are used for heavy and light materials.
- The sizes of dowels can be different, this allows you to choose the desired option. The width of the cap is usual, that is, 60 millimeters, the diameter is 10 millimeters, but the length can be very varied from 80 to 300. These indicators are quite sufficient for fixing the main types of thermal insulation materials. If a longer nail is required, it must be ordered individually.
- Fastening is quite easy, for this purpose the nail is driven in with a hammer, it is stable and durable, so blows can be made without fear of it being deformed. Thanks to a metal nail, the spacer part opens completely and is securely fixed inside the wall.
But it must be remembered that hardware are capable of conducting cold, so it is worth purchasing not ordinary cheap elements, but fasteners with a thermal head, which is made in the form of a plastic part that is put on the cap. It protects the metal from cold and corrosion, this prevents the formation of cold bridges.
In every square meter Attach about five points, and six in corner areas. For a structure height of up to 20 meters, up to 7 fastening dowels are used per square. It is better to place the fastening points at the junction of the insulation sheets, this will help to avoid additional creation of a ventilation hole.
Subject to all rules and choice quality material, the work will be carried out successfully, the insulating material is securely fixed. This will help extend the service life of the material and ensure high-quality thermal insulation of the structure.
To fasten thermal insulation made of expanded polystyrene, mineral or glass wool, special devices in the form of fungi (known as “umbrellas”, facade or disc dowels/nails) are used. The basis for reliable adhesion is the usual friction force; this fastener is used only once. As a result, training requirements are increasing seat and installation. An important factor is the consumption of material and its dimensions (preliminary calculation is recommended); if a smaller number or unreasonably short parts are used, the thermal insulation will not hold up.
Distinctive features of the fungus are a wide cap and an expandable long leg, fixing the plates in a vertical position when insulating walls or in a suspended state when roofing works. This is the only type of construction fasteners that goes completely deep into the facade. The dimensions of the core and sleeve of the fungus depend on the thickness and properties of the insulation (from 80 to 300 mm), the diameter of the cap is standard - 59. Spacer notches with sharp edges on the body contribute to the reliability of fastening; they face the plate and do not allow the dowel to come out of the wall. The quality of fixation is affected by the thoughtfulness of the holes on the cap (or roughness), which are literally pressed into the insulation.
Dowels with a disc head are suitable for many materials, regardless of their density and structure. Modern fungi for fastening insulation are not subject to corrosion and thermal influences, they are absolutely non-flammable. The raw materials are: for the head - low-density polyethylene (polypropylene), for the wedge - galvanized steel or polyamide. Wide nylon plates - rondoli - are sometimes used to attach soft insulation, but impact-resistant plastic is still preferable. The exception is installation and operation at abnormally low temperatures. environment, in this case, polypropylene becomes brittle and collapses.
Varieties
Depending on the type of cap and material, fungi are distinguished with:
- plastic anchor;
- metal rod;
- thermal head.
The first ones are made entirely of polypropylene; a distinctive feature is conical holes on the cap to improve the quality of adhesion. Such products have minimal thermal conductivity (≤0.004 W/m∙K), do not create “cold bridges”, can withstand temperatures from -40 to 80 °C and a load-bearing load of 20–380 kg/m2. Plastic anchor mushrooms are suitable for attaching lightweight insulation to concrete, brick and stone walls. The price is low, they are not subject to corrosion, but are of little use for installing heavy insulation.
Metal anchor mushrooms have a steel nail (galvanized or heat treated low carbon). The spacer elements and the cap of this type are made of impact-resistant polypropylene, the sizes are slightly larger than the others. They cope with differences from -55 to 60 °C and load-bearing loads of up to 750 kg/m2. The disadvantages include the appearance of “cold bridges”, the advantages include adhesion with heavy thermal insulation.
It is worth buying dowels with a thermal head for attaching insulation boards to wooden wall. The end of the steel wedge is fitted with a small plastic part to reduce heat loss. Such fasteners can withstand loads of up to 920 kg/m2. Their cost is high (up to 30 rubles per piece), but this is compensated by minimal heat loss and chemical resistance.
Installation technology
To properly fasten the insulation with fungi, the following operations are performed sequentially:
- Calculation of length and consumption.
- Marking for future fasteners. Maximum permissible step: horizontally - 80 cm, vertically - 30.
- Preparing the seat: drilling holes in the insulation and the wall with a diameter of 10 mm to a depth that is 5–10 mm greater than the length of the fungus stem.
- Pressing in the dowel until the cap and insulation are completely joined. In this case, a hammer is not used; the work is carried out manually.
- Inserting a nail and driving it until it finally hits the wall.
- Closing the cap with a protective lid with fixation in the center.
When insulating walls, the old plaster is always removed; if this is not possible, the drilling depth is increased. In case of forced shortening of the fungus stem, the cut end must be sharpened. For brick and dense concrete, a length of 50 mm is enough; for loose or hollow building materials, it is better to buy fasteners of at least 100. The recommended depth of the hole for the fungus is checked with the sellers.
Calculation of flow and length
When attaching insulation to 1 m2 of surface, from 4 to 10 products are required; for more accurate information, contact the supplier: each type of nail has its own size. It is not economically feasible to exceed the number of fungi; in addition, any additional hole reduces the overall thermal resistance of the house.
The length of the leg of a disc nail is determined as the sum of the thickness of the thermal insulation, the adhesive composition, the dimensions of the spacer part (minimum 40 mm, the value depends on the type and is specified in advance), and the deviation of the working surface from the vertical. Preliminary calculations should not be neglected; fungi for attaching insulation are cheapest to buy in bulk, but there is a risk of purchasing a large batch of unsuitable products.
Price
| Name of fungus, purpose | Dimensions, mm | Maximum insulation thickness, mm | Minimum hole depth, mm | Price for 1 piece, rubles |
| Dowel with a propylene cap. For adhesion to stone and concrete | 10×80 | 50 | 40 | 3 |
| 10×110 | 60 | 55 | ||
| 10×180 | 130 | 60 | 5 | |
| Dowel with a galvanized steel rod for fastening polystyrene foam and layered insulation to concrete and brick bases. The connection is made by mechanical driving | 10×90 | 60 | 40 | |
| 10×120 | 70 | 55 | 6 | |
| 10×300 | 240 | 70 | 20 | |
| Mushroom dowel made of polypropylene with a metal thermal head, for attaching thermal insulation using the “wet facade” technology | 10×80 | 50 | 40 | 7 |
| 10×140 | 100 | 55 | 10 | |
| 10×220 | 160 | 70 | 15 |
The microclimate in the interior of a house cannot be comfortable without high-quality insulation. Developers of thermal insulation materials are constantly introducing into production various systems, allowing you to protect the room from the penetration of cold. To attach their components, special devices are required, the basis of which is dowels for thermal insulation.
Purpose
The invention of the dowel solved the important problem of increasing the strength of the connection of screws and nails with various surfaces. Its varieties began to be actively used in construction, in particular when insulating houses both outside and inside.
The disc-shaped dowel is considered multifunctional (it is also called a mushroom). The large diameter of its disk with conical holes is capable of perfectly holding both mineral and polystyrene foam insulation, and the elongated spacer rod secures the entire structure as firmly as possible.
The plate-shaped mushroom is firmly fixed in the right place by spreading it with a nail in three directions.
Based on the specifics, the features of dowels for thermal insulation make it possible to fasten with their help various materials on foundations made of brick, all types of concrete, stone, wood, gas and foam concrete. This element has become indispensable when installing various different types thermal insulation materials, as well as in the construction of plaster, aluminum frame and ventilated facades.
Types of disc dowels
Types of mushroom dowels
Such products are made from plastic, various metals and their alloys in various types and sizes. Considering the method of application, they have diverse characteristics and are designed for high-quality interaction with all insulation materials, regardless of the material and production method. For fastening thermal insulation, two main types of mushroom dowels are used:
- Plastic with a plastic nail.
- Plastic with a metal nail.
Depending on the type, fasteners for thermal insulation differ in their purpose.
Plastic dowels with plastic nail
Typically made from polypropylene or nylon. They have excellent characteristics:
- strength;
- ease;
- eliminate cold bridges;
- do not rot;
- do not collapse, unlike wooden plugs.
Important. Dish mushrooms made of polypropylene and nylon are best used for attaching foam plastic, penoplex (extruded polystyrene foam) and mineral wool in the form of slabs.
- Length of plastic fasteners – 70 mm – 395 mm;
- Diameter of the large base (disk), standard – 60 mm;
- The diameter of the rod is 8-10 mm.
The thickness of the thermal insulation material for fastening varies from 30 to 170 mm.
A dowel for thermal insulation made of plastic has a nail, which is made from nylon with the addition of fiberglass. It is lightweight, impact-resistant and can support loads of up to 350 kg.
Plastic dowels with metal nail
Such mushrooms can be used for fastening insulation from cork slabs and mineral wool on all bases - concrete, brick, cellular concrete, wood.
The nails for such dowels are made of galvanized metal. Compared to plastic ones, they can withstand higher loads:
- for concrete 225 – 450 kg;
- for bricks 160 – 380 kg.
Such rods are suitable for fastening heavy insulation and moisture-accumulating materials.
- Drive element length – 90 – 260 mm;
- Disc diameter – 60 mm;
- Hole diameter – 10 mm;
- The thickness of the insulation for fastening is 30 – 210 mm.
Both types of fastening systems can be effectively operated at temperatures from -300°C to + 800°C.
To eliminate cold bridges that negatively affect the integrity of the thermal insulation (in the case of metal nails), fasteners with a thermal head were created. They are plastic attachments attached to the driven end of a nail.
Calculation of the length of dowels and their number
To securely fasten the insulation, you need to correctly calculate the length of the mushroom rod. When calculating, we use the formula: L (rod length) = E + H + R +V. Let's decipher the meaning of the terms:
- E – length of the spacer section of the dowel rod;
- H – thickness of insulating material;
- R – thickness of the adhesive layer (if there is a need for gluing);
- V – deviation of the structure from the vertical plane.
Important . The length of the spacer section of the plate mushroom (dowel) must be at least 45 mm.
The consumption of the number of dowels for installing insulation directly depends on its weight. For example, penoplex can be fixed with 4 mushrooms per 1 m2, and basalt wool will require at least 6 pieces of plate mushrooms. The exact amount is found by calculating the surface area to be insulated.
The formula for finding the total fastener consumption looks like this:
W = S * Q, where:
- S – total surface area;
- Q – number of dowels per 1 m2 of insulation.
To the result obtained, you need to add 6-8 pieces in case of unforeseen circumstances (loss or breakdown). When calculating consumption, keep in mind that, unlike walls, more fasteners are needed for corners. Therefore, we add another 12-15 pieces.
Installation
The installation of thermal insulation using disc dowels is a very simple process. It consists of a list of the following works:
- Marking the area for installation.
- Drilling holes at right angles for fastening together with thermal insulation.
- Installation until the disc fungus is completely adjacent to the insulation.
- Driving a nail for expansion and final fastening.
- Attaching a nail-protecting cap.
Before fixing the thermal insulation, you need to either remove the old layer of plaster or increase the drilling depth. For ease of use, the heat-insulating material is first glued to the walls with a special adhesive, allowed to dry, and only then the dowels are installed.
The hole for fastening is made 8 - 10 mm wide. The depth should be 60 mm for a 50 mm anchor component, and 110 mm for this 100 mm component.
After attaching the thermal insulation material, there remain fairly deep holes that need to be sealed using a paint spatula. To do this, you can use the same solution as for gluing the insulation.
Advice. If you decide to reduce the length of the spacer, be sure to sharpen the truncated end.
Today, the dowel for thermal insulation is the main fastening system offered on the building materials market. The leading manufacturers in this area are Russian, Polish and German enterprises. For high-quality insulation of your home, it is better to purchase products from these countries.
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When arranging protection for a building from the cold, various materials are used: slabs, mats, rolls. To securely fix them, an adhesive composition and special mushrooms are used to fasten the insulation. Such dowels are suitable for all types of flat surfaces made of concrete, brick, gas-filled, monolithic and porous types of building stone. They are also chosen for creating insulation on loaded roofs and ceilings.
To install various brands of insulation to a solid base, dowels with a special design are used. Depending on the material from which the walls are built, the fungi differ in size: the length of the tail, the diameter of the section and the pressure cap. Thanks to the fastening, it is possible to achieve the tightest possible fit of the insulation to the surface, preventing the formation of cold bridges in the corners and at the joints.
Mushrooms are similar to standard dowels, but have a larger head with conical holes. The wedging section is of sufficient length, which ensures high load-bearing performance. The spacer segment consists of three sections that prevent the fastener from falling out of the groove. The main components for the manufacture of mushrooms are polyethylene and high-strength steel. Some types use fiberglass polyamide for the nail. Thanks to this composition, the fastener is resistant to corrosion, preventing the insulation from being exposed to an aggressive environment. Umbrellas are used for laying mineral wool, foamed polyethylene and extruded polystyrene.
Varieties and description
There are several types of fungi; the domestic manufacturer (TechnoNIKOL, Facade-Komplekt) offers the following types of dowels for fastening insulation boards:
1. Plastic.
In the manufacture of disc clamps, polypropylene, polyamide, and nylon are used. They are low cost, resistant to aggressive environments, have good adhesive properties, but are not suitable for all walls due to their strength characteristics. Used for brick, concrete, stone. The main difference is the conical holes in the caps, which ensure a reliable fit and long-term operation of the insulation. Energy conductivity is 0.005 W/K, the fungus is established at temperatures from -40 to +80°C. Withstands loads of 20-400 kg. It is recommended to work with rolls that are light in weight; heavy cladding should not be laid on top.
2. Mushrooms with a metal anchor.
The fastening consists of an iron nail with a wide head and a spacer. The raw material used in production is polypropylene, which is resistant to mechanical stress. The galvanized core is coated with an anti-corrosion compound. They are several times stronger than their plastic counterparts, but their use is limited due to the high energy conductivity inherent in metal. The fastening is suitable for installing insulation on thin-walled and hollow structures (gas silicate, foam blocks). The maximum load during operation reaches up to 800 kg, the fungus can withstand temperatures from -50 to +60°C. Any cladding is acceptable, including a heavy plaster layer with reinforcing mesh.
3. Fasteners with thermal head.
Such fungi are similar to fasteners with a metal core. The difference is a special coating on the cap, which has a low conductivity coefficient, which allows you to avoid cold areas when laying insulation. The material for the head is heavy-duty polyamide, with a parameter of 0.025 W/μ. The dowel is protected by a polymer case, which prevents moisture from entering. Suitable for installing insulation on wooden surfaces, gas and foam concrete, solid brick, stone.
The main function of fastening with a thermal head is to fix heavy insulation, the load is more than 40 kg per m2. Used on ventilated and wet facades.
Installation nuances
To ensure a reliable fit of the thermal insulation, it is necessary to calculate the fungi parameter for insulation. Calculations are made using the standard formula Q=T+S+D+H, where the first letter is the thickness of the material, the second is the height of the adhesive layer, the third is the length of the fastener recess into the wall, the fourth is the deviation from the plane in case of surface unevenness (used when necessary). For example, to protect a facade with 50 mm thick insulation, all the numbers are added, resulting in a fungus 100-200 mm long. When installing on hollow and cellular structures, porosity must be taken into account.
The principle of adhesion of the fungus to the surface is based on the laws of friction, due to which the diameter of the core of the installed fastener expands, eliminating reverse motion. The spacers on the body are presented in the form of small protrusions. They fit freely into the base, but the sharp edges prevent them from falling out. The holes in the cap also help ensure a secure fit, ensuring a tight fit to the mat. All work on attaching protection to facades consists of the following steps:
- Preparation of the base, cleaning of old coatings.
- Sealing cracks, eliminating defects.
- Degreasing.
- Installation of a metal profile under the first row to prevent the mats from slipping.
- Laying slabs on a special adhesive mixture.
- Drying the composition.
- Fastening with mushrooms.
- Processing of joints.
According to building codes, there are rules that require a certain number of dowels. For arrangement interior walls, the facades of low-rise buildings are suitable for the envelope fastening method: 4 units around the perimeter and 5 in the center. At the corners of the house you will need 6 pieces, located parallel to each other. For facades up to 25 m high, 7 umbrellas per m2 of insulation are chosen. When finishing multi-storey buildings, 9 fungi are counted per 1 m2.
To prevent the holes from enlarging, fasteners are placed at the joints of the panels. After this, the seams are glued with reinforcing tape and sealed with foam.
Prices
The cost depends on the type of umbrellas, their size and quantity. The volume and parameters of thermal insulation also play a role. You can save money if you buy products in bulk. Prices from the manufacturer TechnoNIKOL:
| Name | Type (plastic, metal, thermal head) | Dimensions, mm | Price per unit, rubles |
| LFN | T | 10x140 | 10-12 |
| LFM | n | 10x100 | 3-5 |
| LFMW | m | 10x90 | 6-8 |
| LFT | m | 10x200 | 8-10 |
| LIM | m | 10x180 | 10-12 |
| LIR | n | 10x160 | 6-8 |
| LIT | n | 10x200 | 7-9 |
| LMX | T | 10x200 | 12-15 |
| LTX | n | 10x140 | 5-7 |
When installing insulation, the use of special fasteners is required. Fungi come in different types and are used to fix insulating materials to wood, stone, concrete, brick and porous surfaces.
The insulation of structural elements of a house will be more effective the more securely the insulating materials are fastened. Moreover, in the role of fastening accessories, it is desirable to use such models that could ensure not only the reliability of the fasteners, but also the durability of their existence. And since in the practice of insulation work various categories of insulation materials are used, requirements for their versatility are also put forward for fastening elements.
An important element in the thermal insulation of walls is a fungus for attaching insulation
Fasteners for insulation, called “fungi,” correspond precisely to this formulation and characteristics.
They are somewhat reminiscent of the usual dowels for use under screws when attaching cornices, shelves and other products. The difference is design features manifests itself in the fact that the cap of such a fungus has a disproportionately large diameter.
This type of fastener is produced from special raw materials, combining both flexible plasticity and structural strength.
The most optimal material for the production of these fasteners is polyethylene raw material processed under low pressure. Galvanized steel of certain grades or glass-filled polyamide can be used as alternative raw materials.
- The durable properties of the fungus allow you to reliably hold any insulation, regardless of whether it is rolled materials or slabs
- At the same time, their plasticity helps reduce heat loss, leveling the effects of material expansion during temperature changes
- A well-thought-out technological structure allows you to withstand significant loads for a long time
Other advantages and design of the mushroom
In addition to these advantages, this type of fasteners for insulation is able to resist corrosion and be comfortable during the installation of insulation material. Such fastenings are not subject to thermal influences and fire due to the impossibility of ignition of the material.
The use of dowels in the form of fungi extends to insulation materials with different insulation technologies, different densities and structures.
Moreover, these elements, which are simple in design, have good potential for attaching insulation to surfaces made of different materials - wood, plastic, stone, brick and concrete.
The design of this fastener is quite simple and consists of three components:
- Wide diameter hat
- Durable core
- Sleeve
The connection point between the head and the sleeve may have a different transition configuration or a direct direct joint.
Types of fungi for attaching insulation
Although the design of the fastening fungus is quite simple, there is still a classification of these parts. They differ in the type of material from which they are made, as mentioned above. They also differ in the method of fastening:
- Mushroom dowels with core
- Fastening mushrooms with threads that can be driven into the insulation material or wall
Differences may also relate to the type of material. Fasteners for plastic insulation can be made of polypropylene or nylon-based.
Modern technologies in the field of insulation have stepped far forward. One of the achievements can be considered - which is not only very convenient and easy to install, does not require lathing, saves space, but most importantly retains heat well.
A more economical option and very convenient to install is penoplex wall insulation, find out more about it technical specifications, pros and cons. Excellent for insulating balconies and loggias.
Calculation of fungus length
The quality of fastening will depend entirely on the correct length of the fungus. Calculating this value is not at all difficult, but even if you don’t want to make calculations using the formula, you can take a simpler route.
You can add 5 cm to the thickness of the insulation being reinforced, calculated for the depth of entry into the insulated surface. Another 1 cm can be added based on the thickness of additional insulators and coatings.
A more correct calculation can be made using the formula:
The symbol S here denotes the rationally calculated length of the fungus. The symbols X1, X2, X3, X4 indicate, respectively, the thickness of the insulation layer (X1), the thickness of the layer of plaster, waterproofing or adhesive base (X2), the depth of entry into the insulated surface (X3), and the reserve for a possible slope of the insulated surface (X4).
Just a note. When calculating the length of the fungus, it is necessary to take into account additional parameters, for example, the density of the insulated surface. The weaker it is, the shorter the dowels can be used.
Operating principle of insulation fastening
The main role in ensuring the functional practicality of this type of fastening elements for insulation is played by the physical principle based on the force of friction. Thanks to it, the reverse movement of the fungus is simply impossible. During its installation, the diameter of the sleeve expands and cannot go back.
In addition, the quality of fastening is also facilitated by the presence of spacers on the body of the fungus. They usually look like small protrusions on the body of the case, facing towards the head. They freely enter any prepared surface, but their sharp edges directed in the opposite direction do not allow them to come back out.
The retention of the insulation is also facilitated by special holes on the cap of the fungus, which tightly fix the insulation, literally pressing into it.
Such a simple design of a fastener in the form of a fungus, however, can ensure many years of reliable operation of insulation reinforced with this means. And the ease of installation and reasonable price of fungi for attaching insulation have made them very popular.
Video instructions for attaching foam plastic with a fungus
Polystyrene foam is a very thick insulation material, the fastening of which can be reliable only with the use of a special dowel-umbrella. You can see an example of fastening in the video clip.
