Five obligatory prayers in Islam. What is it? What is namaz

Many people today think that the traditions of another people are too difficult and meaningless. But it’s not for nothing that they say that judging another is a thankless task. For Muslims, daily prayer is not hard labor, but an obligatory item. Moreover, in addition to direct prayer, one has to undergo preparation for it, which is individual for men and women.

It is more difficult for the fair sex, because a lady is not always pure before Allah. How is prayer performed for women?

What is it?

This is a special prayer in Islam, which is a strictly regulated action, since the number and time of prayers are determined, as well as the direction in which one must turn to the Almighty. Namaz for women must be preceded by ablution. That is, you need to wash your face, ears, neck, arms and legs. Many religious authorities believe that ablution is not considered complete if the lady still has nail polish on her nails. It needs to be erased. If there is no water, then it is permissible to perform ablution with sand, which is suitable for desert conditions. There is no such practice in Russia. After ablution, one should put on clothes in accordance with Islamic requirements. It should be a closed suit that does not hug the body and is not considered seductive.

Same place, same hour

Namaz for women can be performed at home, but men more often go to the mosque. If a family lives in a city without a church, then they can pray at home, although the husband and wife usually pray separately. A woman can also visit a mosque, where there is a special room for religious ceremonies. Regardless of the gender of the believer, prayer is performed five times a day. Namaz for women differs in the process itself.

You cannot raise your hands up, unlike a man. Last words"Allah Akbar!" the woman speaks with her elbows pressed to her body. And in general, she should be restrained in her movements. During the process, your arms need to be folded on your chest, and not on your stomach, as men do. There is a peculiarity when performing a bow to the ground, called “sajdah”. A woman completes the correct prayer by bringing her body as close to the ground as possible and sitting on her knees. By the way, in the text itself there are no differences from the male version, so only the movements are specific.

Allah and his slaves

The Almighty could not place on his slaves a greater burden than they could bear, so Islam is considered a religion of relief. Some types of worship for girls are limited during the period menstrual cycle. For example, ablution for women before prayer does not give full results. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform prayer, and it does not require replenishment. There is no need to adhere to the fast, but then you will have to make up for it. There is no need to circumambulate the Kaaba during the Hajj, but other rituals are permitted.

They say that Aisha was talking about the journey with the Messenger of Allah, when there was a conversation about the pilgrimage, and at the end of the walk she began to menstruate, which caused profuse tears. Then the Messenger of Allah was curious about the reason for the tears. Having found out, he said that in such a state one can do everything that pilgrims do, except for walking around the Kaaba. During menstruation, a woman should not have sexual intercourse, come to the mosque, touch the Koran and read its surahs.

Responsibilities

Each woman keeps her own calendar and therefore knows her cycle schedule. Naturally, its duration is different for everyone, but, according to scientists, it lasts from a day to 15 days. Bleeding beyond this period is considered an anomaly, therefore, if the discharge continues on the 16th day, you need to take a bath and begin performing your duties, since the nature of the bleeding is no longer considered menstrual.

If the discharge lasts less than a day, then it is not considered menstruation, and therefore it is necessary to make up for the missed fast and prayer, but there is no need to perform a complete ablution. If the bleeding is accompanied by pain, then there is no need to leave the prayer. A woman should wash herself, insert a tampon, put on a pad and put on something clean. By the way, ablution for women before prayer in the month of Ramadan excludes a tampon, since this is contrary to the rules of fasting.

Why can you postpone prayer?

Morning prayer for women can be postponed for a number of reasons, the first of which is covering the awrat.

A good reason would be going to the mosque or waiting for collective prayer. If blood comes out before prayer, then this does not interfere with prayer, since it is not the woman’s fault. It happens that a girl forgot to put tampons in or postponed prayer for worldly reasons. In such cases, only farz prayers or sunnat prayers are performed. Chronic bleeding for a woman gives the right to one obligatory prayer after each ablution. It is said that Muaza once asked Aisha about making up for missed fasts and prayers after menstruation. She replied that the Messenger of Allah ordered fasts to be compensated, but did not say anything about prayers. And Said Mansur reported that a woman who has cleared herself of menstruation during afternoon prayer should perform lunch and afternoon prayers. Continuous discharge, which lasted 5 days, must end with complete ablution and restitution of prayers and fasts.

What to do during menstruation?

I wonder how to do namaz for a newbie woman. We need to say Dhikr more often, turn to Allah with requests, surround ourselves with pious sisters and read spiritual literature. It is permissible to read verses with words of supplication when making a request. The Prophet's wife Aisha said that Muhammad spoke of monthly defilement as a blessed purification. If on the first day of desecration a woman repents before the Almighty, she will be included in the list of those freed from hellfire. Those representatives of the fairer sex who do not follow their cycle and skip prayers are called absent-minded and difficulties are predicted for them on the Day of Judgment.

How to perform namaz for women with manicure? Before bathing, you should not cut your nails, since there are words in the hadith that removed nails and hair return on the Day of Judgment in a desecrated state. Another interesting question is about a woman teaching the teachings of the Koran. According to some, she can work during menstruation, but her work is limited, but she can teach the alphabet.

Bathing

After the completion of menstruation, ritual bathing, or the so-called ghusl, must be performed. It cannot be postponed, and before the procedure one should express the niyat. Now you can begin ablution with words addressed to Allah. First of all, the perineum is washed, then the head and the right side of the body are poured. Then there’s the left side. Now the whole body is washed again. Mostly in women long hair and braids, and if the water does not go inside, then they need to be unbraided and washed. In Sharia, a mark is made in case water does not enter naturally curled hair.

According to etiquette

Before performing namaz, a woman needs to fulfill all her natural needs so as not to offend Allah with them. There is even a kind of etiquette for these processes. So, you need to choose a secluded place, avoid getting your body and clothes dirty, and avoid standing in water. After this, you need to clean both passages with water or paper. A woman should not be in a state of poisoning, sleep or unconscious during ablution. You cannot eat camel meat, touch the genitals, cook food over fire, laugh or touch uncleanliness.

The question of how to perform namaz for a novice woman arises when she reaches adulthood. In addition, the girl must be of sound mind and have the intention to perform namaz. The prayer becomes invalid if a person is an apostate, refuses the obligatory actions of prayer, performs only bows or bows to the ground, distorts sounds, or intentionally eats and drinks.

Before performing namaz, a woman should not look up, put her hands on her belt, or close her eyes. In addition, one cannot express one’s intentions to perform namaz verbally or get ahead of the imam during collective prayer. There are also a number of places where it is not recommended to pray. So, how to perform namaz for women? Avoid praying in a cemetery, in a bathhouse, in a toilet, or in a camel pen. By the way, you cannot pray after childbirth or miscarriage. During such a period, fasting is also prohibited.

PREFACE

Praise be to Allah, Whom we praise, pray for help and forgiveness, to Whom we bring repentance and to Whom we resort from the evil of our souls and our bad deeds! Whoever Allah guides, no one will lead astray, and whoever Allah leads astray, no one will guide him to the straight path. I testify that there is no deity but One Allah, Who has no partners, and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and messenger.

“O you who believe! Fear Allah properly and die as Muslims!"(Al Imran, 3:102).

“Oh people! Fear your Lord, who created you from one man, made him his mate, and scattered many men and women, descended from both of them. Fear Allah, in whose name you ask each other, and be afraid to break family ties. Indeed, Allah is watching over you" (an-Nisa, 4:1).

“O you who believe! Fear Allah and speak the right word. Then He will set your affairs right for you and forgive you your sins. And whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger has already achieved great success" (al-Ahzab, 33:70-71).

With its advent, Islam brought freedom and happiness to people, distanced them from a blind way of life, pointed out the vices of ignorance and strictly ordered the sons of Adam to get rid of it. Islam is a religion that has established for the highest and most conscious of all creatures the most perfect and irreplaceable rules of life. Islam is a religion that, in the most difficult situations, with its principles instills in a person the confidence that he will overcome all the difficulties that stand in his way. At first glance, it seems incredible that such positive qualities can be formed in a person in a short period of time. However, after closer acquaintance with the foundations and principles of this religion, pure and far from any distortions, there remains no doubt that this is really possible. A person's happiness depends on following these rules, and therefore we, first of all, must know and study them. That is why we have set ourselves the goal of enlightening our compatriots in this area. This book, presented to our respected readers, contains the information necessary for everyone about the mandatory order of Allah Almighty, the Lord of the Worlds, which is the second pillar of Islam. It is mandatory to follow this instruction, despite any difficulties, adversities, problems and troubles. Naturally, in this book we will talk about prayer and the purification associated with it. Allah Almighty said about prayer: “Verily, prayer protects from abomination and reprehensible”(al-Ankabut, 29:45).

We hope that many of our compatriots have some information about this verse. But, unfortunately, we know that many people forget about this. Man is forgetful by nature, and therefore Allah Almighty, through His Book, constantly instructs the sons of Adam to remember and repeat what they already know. Allah Almighty said: “And remind, for reminding benefits the believers.”(az-Zariyat, 51:55).

Another purpose of writing this book is to try to put an end to the disagreements and misunderstandings related to prayer and purification. We all know that in those years when we were forcibly removed from our religion, various innovations were introduced into prayer, as well as into other Sharia regulations. It often happened that the Sunnah of the best of people, the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was generally ignored. However, many people to this day do not know that such innovations and heresies can nullify prayer or ablution. Every Muslim should know that the acceptance of his actions by Allah Almighty depends on his compliance with the following two conditions:

Firstly, the act must be done sincerely and only for the sake of Allah Almighty. At the same time, when performing this act, a Muslim should fear only Allah, love Him more than anything else and hope only for His mercy.
Secondly, a Muslim must perform this or that act in the same way as the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, did it, i.e. in accordance with his Sunnah.

The absence of one of these conditions makes the ritual of worship invalid, be it prayer, ablution, fasting, zakat, etc. Therefore, in an effort to put an end to disagreements and misunderstandings related to prayer and purification, when writing this book, we exclusively relied on the verses of the Holy Quran and the authentic hadiths of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. Since the book contains various issues of Islamic law, we tried to reflect in it only those Sharia regulations that are based on the Koran and reliable hadith, taking into account the opinion of authoritative Muslim theologians. Naturally, after reading this book, many will think that it would be nice to introduce certain changes to it. This book is the fruit of human efforts and, naturally, may have various shortcomings and flaws. Therefore, we thank readers in advance for their comments and constructive suggestions and promise that all of them will be taken into account in subsequent editions. Only Allah Almighty is perfect, and His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, is sinless.

We ask Allah Almighty to make our actions sincere for the sake of Him alone and in accordance with the Sunnah of His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. All that remains is to wish our readers success, goodness and blessings in this field. Let's not forget that we all belong to Allah and will eventually return to Him! Verily, He is quick to calculate!

ETIQUETTE OF NATURAL NEEDS

1. A person performing natural needs must choose a place where people cannot see him, hear sounds during the release of gases and smell excrement.
2. It is advisable to say the following words before entering the toilet: “Allahumma inni a’uzu bika mina-l-khubusi wa-l-habais!” (“O Allah! I resort to You from the vile male and female devils!”).
3. A person sending natural needs should not talk to anyone, say words of greeting and answer someone's call unless necessary.
4. A person fulfilling his natural needs, out of respect for the sacred Kaaba, should not turn his face or back to it.
5. It is necessary to avoid getting excrement (feces and urine) on the body and clothing.
6. It is necessary to avoid fulfilling natural needs in places where people walk or rest.
7. A person should not fulfill his natural needs in standing water or in the water in which he bathes.
8. It is not advisable to urinate while standing. This can only be done if two conditions are met:
   
   
   • if you are sure that urine will not get on your body or clothes;
   • if a person is sure that no one will see his private parts.
9. It is necessary to clean both passages with water or stones, paper, etc. However, cleansing with water is the most preferred.
10. You need to clear both passages with your left hand.
11. After leaving the toilet, it is advisable to say the following words: “Gufranak!” (“I ask for your forgiveness, Lord!”)
12. It is advisable to enter the toilet with your left foot and exit with your right.

SMALL WASH

Allah Almighty said: “O you who believe! When you get up for prayer, wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, wipe your heads and wash your feet up to the ankles” (al-Maida, 6).

Conditions for performing ablution
A person performing ablution must:

1. to be a Muslim;
2. be of legal age (according to some scholars);
3. not to be mentally ill;
4. have clean water with you;
5. have the intention to perform ablution;
6. remove everything that prevents water from reaching the ablution organs (paint, varnish, etc.), and also, when performing a small ablution, do not leave any part of the ablution organs dry;
7. cleanse the body of impurities;
8. get rid of feces and urine.

Actions that invalidate wudu

1. Excreta coming out of the anus or anus, such as urine, feces, prostate juice, gas, bleeding, etc.
2. Deep sleep or loss of consciousness.
3. Eating camel meat.
4. Direct touching of the genitals or anus (according to some scientists).

Actions that do not invalidate wudu

1. Anything that is excreted from the human body, excluding excrement coming from the anus and anterior passages.
2. Touching a woman.
3. Eating food cooked over fire.
4. Doubt about the validity of ablution.
5. Laughter or laughter.
6. Touching a dead person.
7. Vomit.
8. Nap.
9. Touching uncleanliness. (If you touch dirt, just wash it off with water).

Procedure for performing small ablution

A person performing a small ablution must intend to perform it in his soul. However, there is no need to say the intention out loud, because the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, did not say the intention out loud before ablution, prayer and other rites of worship. Starting the small ablution, you must say: “Bi-smi-llah!” (“In the name of Allah!”). Then you need to wash your hands three times (Fig. 1). Then you need to rinse your mouth and nose three times (Fig. 2-3) and wash your face three times from one ear to the other and from the place where the hair grows to the end of the jaw (or beard) (Fig. 4). Then you need to wash both hands three times from the fingertips to the elbows inclusive, starting with the right hand (Fig. 5). Then you need to wet your palms and rub your head with them. When wiping your head, you need to run your hands over it from the end of the forehead to the beginning of the neck, and then in the opposite direction (Fig. 6). Then you need to insert your index fingers into the ear holes and wipe the outside of the ears with your thumbs (Fig. 7). Then you need to wash your feet from the toes to the ankles inclusive, starting with the right foot (Fig. 8). It is necessary to wash the spaces between the toes and pay attention to ensuring that the water reaches the heels. After completing ablution, it is advisable to say: “Ashhadu alla ilaha illa-llahu wahdahu la sharika lyah, wa-ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa-rasuluh, allahumma-j'alni mina-t-tavvabina wa-j'alni mina-l-mutatakhhirin! » (“I testify that there is no deity except Allah alone, Who has no partners, and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and messenger! O Allah! Make me one of the repentant and make me one of the self-purifying!”)

GREAT WASH

Cases in which great ablution becomes obligatory

1. After sexual intercourse (even if ejaculation did not occur), as well as after emission or ejaculation that occurred as a result of passionate desire.
2. After the end of menstruation and postpartum bleeding.
3. To perform Friday prayer.
4. After death: a deceased Muslim should be washed, unless he is a martyr who fell in the path of Allah.
5. When accepting Islam.

Cases in which great ablution is advisable

1. Great ablution of a person who washed a dead person.
2. Before entering the state of ihram to perform Hajj or Umrah, as well as before entering Mecca.
3. To re-engage in sexual intercourse.
4. It is advisable for a woman who has chronic bleeding to perform a long ablution before each prayer.

Procedure for performing great ablution

After a person intends to perform a great ablution, he must say: “Bi-smi-l-lyah!” (“In the name of Allah!”) and wash your hands. Then he must wash the genitals and anus, and then perform ablution. Then you need to pour water on your head three times, while combing your hair with your hands so that the water reaches the roots of the hair. Then you need to wash all remaining parts of the body three times. Then you should wash your feet three times. (This is how the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, performed a great ablution).

If a medical bandage or plaster is applied to any organ of the body, then when performing a small or large ablution, it is necessary to wash the healthy areas of the body and wipe the bandage or plaster with a wet hand. If wiping a bandage or plaster with a wet hand harms the damaged organ, then in this case you should perform a sand bath.

WASHING WITH SAND (TAYAMMUM)

Sand washing is permitted if:

1. there is no water or there is not enough water to perform a small or large ablution;
2. a wounded or sick person is afraid that as a result of a small or large ablution his condition will worsen or his illness will prolong;
3. it is very cold, and the person cannot use water for small or large ablution (heat it up, etc.) and is afraid that the water will harm him;
4. there is little water and only enough for drinking, cooking and other necessary purposes;
5. it is impossible to reach water, for example, if an enemy or a predatory animal does not allow one to approach the water, or if a person fears for his life, honor or property, or if he is imprisoned, or if he is unable to draw water from a well, etc. d.

Actions that invalidate sand ablution

Anything that invalidates wudu and wudu as stated earlier will also invalidate wudu. If, after performing ablution with sand, water is found or it becomes possible to use it, then ablution with sand also becomes invalid. A person who has performed namaz after he has performed ablution with sand should not perform this namaz again if he has found water. The expiration of a particular prayer does not invalidate sand ablution.

Procedure for performing sand ablution

After a person intends to perform a sand bath, he must say: “Bi-smi-l-lyah!” (“In the name of Allah!”), and then place your palms once on the place chosen for performing ablution with sand. Then you need to clean your palms of sand by blowing on them or clapping them together. Then you should wipe your face and hands with your palms.
Sand washing is permitted only with clean sand or similar substances.
You cannot perform ablution with sand in the presence of water, as this is contrary to Sharia, and in this case, the performed prayer will be considered invalid. Therefore, you cannot perform ablution with sand in the presence of water, even if the time of prayer is coming to an end: you must perform a small or large ablution with water, and then perform the prayer.

NAMAZ

Allah Almighty said: “But they were ordered only to worship Allah, serving him sincerely, like monotheists, to perform prayer and pay zakat. This is the right faith" (al-Bayyina, 98:5).

Malik ibn al-Khuwayris, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Perform prayer as I do.”

Conditions required for performing namaz

Every Muslim who is of age and of sound mind is obliged to perform Namaz. To perform prayer, the following conditions must be present:

1. cleansing, i.e. you need to perform a small (or, if necessary, a large) ablution or a substituting ablution with sand, if necessary;
2. perform namaz at a strictly defined time for it;
3. the body and clothing of the person praying, as well as the place where the prayer is performed, must be cleansed of defilement;
4. covering the parts of the body that Shariah commands to cover during prayer;
5. turning the face towards the holy Kaaba.
6. intention (in the soul) to perform one or another prayer.

Actions that invalidate prayer

1. Apostasy (may Allah Almighty protect us from this!);
2. deliberate failure to comply with any pillar, obligatory action or condition of prayer;
3. deliberately pronounce words and perform actions that are not related to prayer;
4. deliberately adding extra bows or bows to the ground, standing or sitting;
5. deliberate distortion of sounds or words, or changing the order of verses when reading Qur'anic suras, since this contradicts the order in which Allah sent these suras;
6. deliberate eating or drinking;
7. laughter or laughter (with the exception of a smile);
8. deliberate recitation of the pillars and obligatory dhikrs pronounced during prayer in the shower, without moving the tongue;
9. finding water after performing ablution with sand.

Actions that are undesirable to perform during prayer

1. look up;
2. turning your head to the side for no reason;
3. look at things that distract from prayer;
4. put your hands on your belt;
5. place your elbows on the ground while bowing to the ground;
6. close your eyes;
7. without reason, make unnecessary movements that do not invalidate the prayer (itching, staggering, etc.);
8. perform namaz if it has already been served;
9. re-read Surah al-Fatihah in the same rak’at;
10. stand up for prayer while holding urine, feces or gas;
11. perform namaz with the sleeves of your jacket or shirt rolled up;
12. perform prayer with bare shoulders;
13. perform namaz wearing clothes with images of living beings (animals, people, etc.), as well as perform namaz on such images or facing them;
14. do not put a barrier in front of yourself;
15. pronounce the intention to perform prayer with the tongue;
16. do not straighten your back and arms when bowing from the waist;
17. failure to align the rows of worshipers and the presence of empty seats in the rows when performing group prayers;
18. bring your head close to your knees and press your elbows to your body while bowing to the ground;
19. be ahead of the imam when performing group prayers;
20. reading the Koran while making bows or bows to the ground;
21. Always deliberately perform namaz in the mosque in the same place.

Places where prayer is prohibited

1. desecrated places;
2. in the cemetery, as well as at the grave or facing it (with the exception of funeral prayer);
3. in the bathhouse and toilet;
4. at the camel stopping place or in the camel pen.

AZAN
“Allahu Akbar!”(“Allah is great!”) – 4 times;
(“I testify that there is no god but Allah!”) – 2 times;
(“I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah!”) – 2 times;
“Hayya Ala-s-salah!”(“Hurry to prayer!”) – 2 times;
“Hayya ala-l-falyah!”(“Hurry to success!”) – 2 times;
“Allahu Akbar!”(“Allah is great!”) – 2 times;
"La ilaha ill-l-lah"

IKAMA
“Allahu Akbar!”(“Allah is great!”) – 2 times;
“Ashhadu alla ilaha illa-l-lah!”(“I testify that there is no god but Allah!”) – 1 time;
"Ashhadu anna Muhammad-r-rasul-l-lah"(“I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah!”) – 1 time;
“Hayya Ala-s-salah!”(“Hurry to prayer!”) – 1 time;
“Hayya ala-l-falyah!”(“Hurry to success!”) – 1 time;
“Kad kamati-s-salah!”(“Namaz has already begun!”) – 2 times;
“Allahu Akbar!”(“Allah is great!”) – 2 times;
"La ilaha ill-l-lah"(“There is no god but Allah!”) – 1 time.

PROCEDURE FOR PERFORMING NAMAZ
A person performing namaz must turn his whole body to the sacred Kaaba located in Mecca. Then he must intend in his soul to perform one or another prayer. Then he must, raising his hands at shoulder or ear level (Fig. 9), say: “Allahu Akbar!”(“Allah is great!”). This initial takbir is called in Arabic “takbirat al-ihram” (lit. “forbidding takbir”), since after its pronunciation the person who begins to perform namaz is prohibited from certain actions that are permitted outside of namaz (talking, eating, etc. ). Then he must place the palm of his right hand on the hand of his left and place both hands on his chest (class="menbe">Fig. 10). Then he must say the opening prayer: “Subhanaka-llahumma wa bi-hamdika wa tabaraka-smuka wa ta’ala jadduka wa la ilaha gairuk!”(“Glorified are You, O Allah! Praise be to You! Blessed is Your name! High is Your greatness! There is no god but You!”)

Then the worshiper must say: “A’uzu bi-l-lyahi mina-sh-sheitani-r-rajim!”(“I take refuge in Allah from the damned Satan!”)
Then he must recite Surah al-Fatihah (The Opener of the Quran):
“Bi-smi-llahi-r-rahmani-r-rahim!”
1. “Al-hamdu li-llahi rabbi-l-alamin!”
2. “Ar-rahmani-r-rahim!”
3. “Maliki yaumi-d-din!”
4. “Iyyaka na’budu wa iyyaka nasta’in!”
5. “Ikhdina-s-sirata-l-mustagim!”
6. “Sirata-l-lyazina an’amta aleikhim!”
7. “Gairi-l-magdubi aleihim wa la-d-dallin!”

(“In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful!
1. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds,
2. Gracious, Merciful,
3. Lord of the Day of Retribution!
4. You alone we worship and You alone we pray for help.
5. Lead us to the straight path,
6. in the way of those whom You have blessed,
7. not those on whom wrath has fallen, and not those who are lost").

Then he should say: "Amine!"(“Lord! Heed our prayer!”). Then he must recite any sura (or suras) of the Qur'an that he knows by heart.

Then he must raise his hands at shoulder level and, pronouncing the words: “Allahu Akbar!”, make a bow, exalting Allah Almighty (Fig. 11). It is advisable for him to straighten his back and head parallel to the floor and place his palms on his kneecaps, fingers spread out. While bowing from the waist, he must say three times: “Subhana rabbiyal-azim!”(“Pure is my great Lord!”) It is advisable to add to this the words: “Subhanaka-l-lahumma Rabbana wa bi-hamdik! Allahumma-gfirli!(“Glorified are You, O Allah, our Lord! Praise be to You! O Allah! Forgive me!”).

Then he must rise from the waist bow. Rising, he must say: “Sami’a-l-lahu liman hamidah!”(“May Allah hear the one who praises Him!”) and raise your hands at shoulder level. Having fully erected himself, he should say: “Rabbana wa-laka-l-hamd!”(“Our Lord! Praise be to you!”) or: “Rabbana wa laka-l-hamdu hamdan kasiran tayyiban mubarakan fih, mil'a-s-samawati wa-mil'a-l-ardi wa-mil'a ma shi' ta min sheyin ba'd!” .

Then he must bow to the ground with humility before Allah and reverence for Him. As he descends, he must say: “Allahu Akbar!”. When making a prostration, he must place his forehead and nose, both palms, both knees and the tips of the toes of both feet on the ground, move his elbows away from the body and not put them on the ground, point the tips of his fingers towards Mecca, move his knees away from each other and connect feet (Fig. 12). In this position he must say three times: “Subhana rabbiyal-a’lya!”(“Glorified is my Supreme Lord!”) It is advisable to add to this the words: “Subhanaka-l-lahumma Rabbana wa bi-hamdik! Allahumma-gfir li!

Then he must raise his head from a bow to the ground, while saying “Allahu Akbar!” After this, he must sit on his left leg, place his right foot vertically, pointing the toes of his right foot towards the Kaaba, place his right palm on his right thigh, while opening his fingers, and place his left palm in the same way on his left thigh (Fig. 13) . While in this position, he must say: “Rabbi-gfir li, va-rhamni, va-khdini, va-rzukni, va-jburni, va-afini!”(“Lord! Forgive me! Have mercy on me! Guide me on the straight path! Grant me inheritance! Correct me! Make me healthy!”) Or he should say: “Rabbi-gfir! Rabbi-gfir!”(“Lord, forgive me! Lord, forgive me!”)

Then he must with humility before Allah and reverence for Him and with the words “Allahu Akbar!” make a second prostration in the same way as he made the first, while pronouncing the same words. This completes the first rak'at of prayer. Then he must rise to his feet, while saying “Allahu Akbar!” Having risen, he must do in the second rak'ah everything that he did in the first, with the exception of the opening prayer. Having completed the second rak'at, he should say “Allahu Akbar!” raise his head from the prostration and sit down in the same way as he sat between two prostrations (Fig. 13), but at the same time he must press the ring finger and little finger of his right hand to the palm, connect the middle and thumb, and point the index finger towards the Kaaba. Moving his index finger up and down, he should recite prayers "Tashahhud", "Salyavat" And "Isti'aza".

“Tashahhud”: “At-tahiyyatu li-llahi wa-s-salyawatu wa-t-tayyibat! As-salamu aleyka eiyuha-n-nabiyyu wa-rahmatu-llahi wa-barakatuh! As-salamu aleyna wa ala ibad-llahi-s-salihin! Ashhadu alla ilaha ila-llah, wa-ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluh!” (“All greetings are to Allah, all prayers and righteous deeds! Peace be upon you, O Prophet, the mercy of Allah and His blessings! Peace be upon us and all the righteous servants of Allah! I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and messenger!")

“Salyavat”: “Allahumma salli ala Muhammadin wa ala ali Muhammad, kama salleyta ala Ibrahima wa ala ali Ibrahim! Innaka hamidun majid! Wa barik ala Muhammadin wa ala ali Muhammad, kama barakta ala Ibrahima wa ala ali Ibrahim! Innaka hamidun majid! (“O Allah! Praise Muhammad and his family just as you praised Ibrahim and his family! Verily, You are praiseworthy, glorious! And bless Muhammad and his family just as you blessed Ibrahim and his family! Verily, You are praiseworthy, glorious!”)

“Istia'za”: “Allahumma inni a'uzu bika min azabi-l-kabr, wa min azabi jahannam, wa min fitnati-l-makhya wa-l-mamat, wa min sharri fitnati-l-masihi-d-dajjal ! (“O Allah! Verily, I resort to You from torment in the grave, and from torment in hell, and from temptations during life and after death, and from the temptation of the Antichrist!”)

After this, he can ask Allah for any benefit both in this world and in the afterlife. Then he should turn his head to the right (Fig. 14) and say: (“Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah!”) Then he should turn his head to the left in the same way and say: “As-salamu alaikum wa rahmatu-l-lah!”

If the prayer consists of three or four rak’ats, then he must read the Tashahhud to the words: “Ashhadu alla ilaha ila-llah, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa-rasuluh!” and then with the words “Allahu Akbar!” stand on your feet and raise your hands to shoulder level. Then he must perform the remaining rak'ats of prayer in the same way as he performed the second rak'at, with the only difference that in subsequent rak'ats it is not necessary to read the sura after Surah al-Fatiha. Having completed the last rak'ah, the worshiper must sit down in the same way as he sat down before, with the only difference being that he must place the foot of his left foot under the shin of his right and sit on the seat. Then he must read the entire Tashahhud to the end and, turning his head to the right and left, say in both directions: “As-salamu alaikum wa-rahmatu-llah!”.

ZIKRAS SAYED AFTER NAMAZ

• 3 times: “Astaghfiru-llah!”(“I ask forgiveness from Allah!”)
• “Allahumma anta-sa-salamu wa minka-s-salaam! Tabarakta ya za-l-jalyali wa-l-ikram!”(“O Allah! You are peace, and from You comes peace! Blessed are You, O Possessor of greatness and generosity!”)
• “La ilaha illa-llahu wahdahu la sharika lah, lahu-l-mulku wa lahu-l-hamdu wa huwa ala kuli shey’in kadir! Allahumma la mani'a lima a'tayt, wa la mu'tiya lima mana't, wa la yanfa'u zal-jaddi minka-l-jadd!” (“There is no deity except one Allah, Who has no partners! Power and praise belong to Him! He is capable of every thing! O Allah! No one can stop You from giving what You wish! No one can give what You do not wish! O Possessor of greatness! His greatness will not save anyone from You!”)
• “La ilaha illa-llahu wahdahu la sharika lyah, lahu-l-mulku wa-lahu-l-hamdu wa huwa ala kulli shey’in kadir! La hawla wa la quwwata illya bi-llah! La ilaha illa-llahu wa la na’budu illa iyyah! Lyahu-n-ni'matu wa-lahu-l-fadlu wa-lahu-s-sana'u-l-hasan! La ilaha illa-llahu mukhlisina lyahu-d-dina wa lau kariha-l-kafirun!” (“There is no deity except Allah alone, Who has no partners! Power and praise belong to Him! He is capable of every thing! There is no strength and might except with Allah! There is no deity but Allah, and we do not worship anyone except Him ! To Him belong blessings, superiority and wonderful praise! There is no god but Allah! We worship Him, even if the unbelievers do not like it!
• 33 times: “Subhan-Allah!”(“Glory be to Allah!”)
• 33 times: “Al-hamdu li-llah!”(“Praise be to Allah!”)
• 33 times: “Allahu Akbar!”(“Allah is great!”)
• And at the end 1 time: “La ilaha illa-l-lahu wahdahu la sharika lyah, lahu-l-mulku wa-lahu-l-hamdu wa-huva ala kulli sheyin kadir!”(“There is no deity except Allah alone, who has no partners! Power and praise belong to Him! He is capable of every thing!”)
• It is advisable to read after each prayer “Ayat al-Kursi” (“Ayat on the Throne”): “Allahu la ilaha illya huwa-l-hayyu-l-kayyum, la ta’huzuhu sinatun wa la naum, lahu ma fi-s-samawati wa ma fi-l-ard, man za-l-lyazi yashfa'u indahu illya bi-iznih, ya'lyamu ma beina eidihim wa ma halfahum, wa la yuhituna bi shey'in min ilmihi illya bi-ma sha, wasi' and kursiyuhu-s-samavati wa-l-arda wa-la ya'uduhu hifzukhuma, wa-huwa-l-aliyyu-l-azim!” (“Allah is there is no deity except Him, the Living, the Almighty. Neither drowsiness nor sleep overtakes Him. To Him belongs what is in the heavens and what is on earth. Who will intercede before Him without His permission? He knows them the future and the past, while they comprehend from His knowledge only what He wills. His Throne (the Foot of the Throne) embraces the heavens and the earth, and He is not burdened by their protection. 255). Between those who read this verse after prayer and heaven there will only be death.
• It is also advisable to read Surah al-Ikhlas (Sincerity) after prayer: “Bi-smi-llahi-r-rahmani-r-rahim! Kul huwa-llahu ahad! Allahu samad! Lam yalid wa lam yulid! Wa lam yaku-l-lyahu kufuvan ahad!” (“In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful! Say: “He is Allah the One, Allah the Self-sufficient. He did not beget and was not begotten, and there is no one equal to Him.””).
• Sura “al-Falyak” (“Dawn”): “Bi-smi-llahi-r-rahmani-r-rahim! Kul a'uzu bi-rabbi-l-falyak! Min sharri ma halyak! Wa min sharri gasikin iza vakab! Wa min sharri-n-naffasati fi-l-ukad! Wa min sharri chassidin iza hassad!” (“In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful! Say: “I seek refuge in the Lord of the dawn from the evil of what He has created, from the evil of darkness when it comes, from the evil of witches who spit on knots, from the evil of the envious person when he envies.” ").
• Sura “an-Nas” (“People”): “Bi-smi-llahi-r-rahmani-r-rahim! Kul a'uzu bi-rabbi-n-us! Maliki-n-us! Ilyahi-n-us! Min sharri-l-waswasi-l-khannas! Al-lyazi yuvasviu fi suduri-n-us! Mina-l-jinnati va-n-us!” (“In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful! Say: “I seek refuge in the Lord of men, the King of men, the God of men, from the evil of the tempter who retreats (or shrinks) at the remembrance of Allah, who inspires in the breasts of men and is from the jinn and men.”" ).
• Say 10 times after dawn and sunset prayers: “La ilaha illa-l-lahu wahdahu la sharika lah, lahu-l-mulku wa-lahu-l-hamdu yukhyi va-yumit, wa-huva ala kulli shey’in kadir!” (“There is no deity except Allah alone, Who has no partners! Power and praise belong to Him! He gives life and kills! He is capable of every thing!”)
• It is also advisable to say after dawn prayer: “Allahumma inni as’aluka ilman nafi’a, wa rizkan tayyiba, wa amalyan mutakabbala!”(“O Allah! I ask You for useful knowledge, a wonderful destiny and deeds that You will accept!”)

“A short training in prayer” can be downloaded from

Namaz is the daily sacrament of a Muslim turning to Allah through reading prayer texts five times. Prayers for namaz are divided into 5 temporary stages, the fulfillment of each of which is mandatory.

In order to perform namaz, a devout Muslim must be spiritually prepared for the sacrament:

• perform the ritual of ablution - “takharet”;
• be sober (drugs and alcohol are prohibited the day before);
• choose a clean, quiet and well-lit place for prayer;
• Muslim clothes are selected to be clean, washed, and not lower than the ankles;
• Before resorting to sacred prayers, you must turn your face towards the Qiblah (Kaaba) and read “niyat” - words indicating the intention to pray.

Prayers for namaz: types and their features

Before detailed description sacraments, let's look at several concepts known to every Muslim. The above-mentioned Kaaba (Qibla, Qibla) is the house of Allah. Rakaat (rakagat) is the order of words and physical actions in Muslim prayer.

Rakaats include:

• reading Sura - chapter of the Koran;
• reading Ayats (structural unit (verse) of the Koran);
• hand - bows from the waist, palms should reach knees;
• sujud - deep (down to earth) bows; kiyam—kneeling; Taslim - greetings to those standing nearby.

According to legend, the prophet Moses dictated to Muhammad during a night journey the importance of five daily prayers (salats). Let's look at them in more detail:

• Salat assubh - performed in the interval from dawn to sunrise " morning prayer", including two rak'ahs - fajr.
• Salat azzuhr is a ritual performed from the moment the sun is at its zenith - “midday prayer” containing four rakqats - zuhr.
• Salat Asr is an “afternoon (pre-evening) prayer” carried out immediately after Zuhr, also four-rakkat.
• Salat Maghrib is a sunset (evening) prayer with three rakqat, performed in the interval after sunset until dark.
• Salat Isha is a four-rakah night prayer, performed at the end of all previous salahs.

Prayer "At Namaz"

“SUBHANAKA” SUBHAANAKA ALLAAHUMMA UA BI-HAMDIK, UA TABAAROKA-SMUK, UA TAGYAALAYA JADDUK, (UA JALLYA tKHANAAAA UK “read only in namaz janazah”) UA LAYAYAYA ILYAYAHA GOYRUK”

Rules for performing namaz

Muslims must perform all prayers in Arabic, as prescribed in the Koran. Therefore, every true Muslim studies the Koran throughout his childhood, and not just studies, but crams scripture to perfection.

Each word or phrase corresponds to a specific action (bow, handshake, kneeling, etc.). Moreover, an incorrectly applied unnecessary action or the deliberate use of incorrect speech patterns or sound distortion makes the prayer invalid.

Muslim religions strictly restrict women's rights in everyday life. These restrictions also apply to the reading of prayer. For example, it is not advisable for a woman to go to the mosque. She must pray at home, and during the ceremony she must be covered with an opaque blanket. It is forbidden for Muslim women to raise their arms high and spread their legs wide, and she must even pull in her stomach while bowing.

Daily muslim prayers designed to strengthen faith and impeccable worship of Allah. Brought up in the strictest religious traditions, Muslims are very sensitive and strict about their beliefs and their faith; the Christian faith in this regard is inferior to Eastern religions.

For failure to perform prayer for unjustified reasons, the soul of every Muslim suffers a serious sin, which Allah immediately punishes. And a person has to pray to Allah in more serious ways than praying five times a day.

Video: Prayers for prayer

Devout Muslims must master the reading of prayer. What about those who barely want to learn this activity? At first, it is possible to start reading namaz as a regular prayer without observing the important rules of this ritual.

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Namaz for men

To read the prayer you will need to do the following:

• prepare clothes and body for this ritual (namaz is performed only in clean clothes);
• memorize the sura, which is called “Al-Fatiha”;
• stand while performing namaz facing the direction where Mecca is located.

Namaz for women

It is important for a woman to clarify whether she can perform namaz. In that case, there are no prohibitions for pregnant women. They can read a prayer while sitting and even lying down if the pregnancy is difficult. A woman during her period, postpartum and with gynecological diseases accompanied by bleeding is prohibited from performing the ritual. In these cases, the woman is considered unclean.

Before the ceremony, a woman needs to perform a small ablution of her face, legs to the ankles and arms to the elbows, and also wipe off the nail polish. Women are allowed to perform namaz in the mosque, in a special women's hall, and also at home. The order of reading the prayer is identical for both women and men.

How to learn to do namaz?

Those who have just accepted the Muslim faith will be able to learn how to perform namaz by watching how other Muslims do it. Over time, the process of reading a prayer can be brought to automaticity. If you are learning to read namaz in a mosque, then it is not at all necessary to repeat all the words of the prayer after other Muslims. To do this, just repeat the word “Amen” at the end.

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1. You need to stand facing Mecca and repeat all the actions of Surah Al-Fatiha while reading the prayer. It is important to read aloud in order to hear yourself. The letters of the sura must be spoken without the slightest distortion.
2. Those who have already begun to study Surah Al-Fatiha and know at least one surah by heart need to repeat it several times. This is necessary to pronounce the same amount of text as when reading the entire sura aloud.
3. If you have not yet been able to learn and read the surah according to all the rules, then when performing namaz you can read one of the parts borrowed from the Holy Quran. In this case, the passage cannot contain less than 156 letters.
4. To perform prayer without knowing Surah Al-Fatihah or parts of the Holy Quran, you can only recite the words used to remember Allah. They are also called dhikrs. Alternatively, you can recite the following dhikrs: “Subhana-llah, wa-l-hamdu-li-llah, wa-la-ilaha illa-llah, wa-llahu Akbar.” Translated, it will sound like this: Allah is omnipotent, there is no god but Him, Praise be to Allah.
5. In case you cannot recite any of the above by heart, you can simply say “Allahu Akbar” 20 times. For those who cannot read anything, you can stand silently for the time it takes to read Surah Al Fatiha.

On average, beginners take from one to two weeks to learn prayer. This time is enough to study Surah Al-Fatihah at a calm pace. Many people have difficulty reading prayer at the initial stage.

There is nothing wrong with the fact that at first you will read only a few dhikrs to Allah. With the right approach to studying the surah, within a month you will be reading prayer without hesitation.

The following video will help you learn how to do namaz.

The issue of religion and prayers has become a frequent issue lately. All more people, want to enrich their spiritual life. In general, learning to say Namaz is a mandatory requirement for every Muslim believer; not performing Namaz is a sin. All believers should read Namaz, just like all Christians pray with an appeal to the Higher Powers. We will try to figure out step by step what to do for those who have recently accepted Islam and do not yet fully understand.

Actually, it means prayer, ritual, one part of the five pillars of Islam. Previously, prayers were pronounced in a full voice with a strong pronunciation of the formulas of the monotheism of Allah. Of course, in the Koran there is no framework for reproducing prayers, but there are many indications of parts, such as prayer times, formulas, specific manipulations, and the like. The actions are copying all the actions of the Prophet Muhammad. Modern uniformity was formed over a century and a half and was recorded in writing. The main prayer is several parts of prayer poses accompanied by the recitation of formulas. Actions follow each other in a certain sequence, violating it, the process is considered invalid, and pronunciation is required in Arabic. So, daily spiritual actions consist of the following necessary prayers:

1. Morning - Fajr.
2. Midday - zuhr.
3. Early evening – Asr.
4. Evening – Maghrib.
5. Night - isha.

It will be performed both individually and en masse absolutely everywhere, in a suitable place of stay. Midday on Fridays takes place in the mosque, but the floor where prayers are performed must be thoroughly washed. It is also possible to use a special carpet, it is called sajjada. During the period of mass prayer, people are close to the imam - the representative who leads the process. But as for female representatives, they must be in a different room from the men, or stand behind.

In the process, similar to Christianity, it is forbidden to speak, eat, drink, laugh and make any extraneous noise. Of course, you understand that you cannot turn to Allah in an alcoholic, delirious state. There are exceptions to the rules, and for example, patients and people with health limitations can perform the ritual while sitting, or even lying down, praying mentally. IN modern world, in many Muslim countries, there is no special control over the observance of prayer; technique is a matter of conscience of the believer. It is important not to force yourself to do this; your intentions and desire are sincere, to make an appeal. Of course, the appearance is also necessary, to correspond, that is, the clothes are clean, without stains, and the time is as prescribed by the Koran, taking into account the definitions for each prayer.

It’s okay if you became a Muslim not long ago and don’t know for sure about the literacy of performing namaz, that is, the prayer process. The main thing is your pure and sincere desire to learn. The simplest and most effective method to implement is to start visiting the mosque and repeat the prayer after someone. This great option For newbie men, read the Quran first and be prepared accordingly. Consider all the actions and body position of the person saying the prayer. Start by learning the time to pronounce each type of prayer and the rules for performing it. And also, remember the words and order of performing namaz, for starters, at least three short suras. This is not at all difficult, like all beginners, complications and mistakes may arise, but this does not mean that the prayer will not be accepted by higher powers. Strive to perform all actions from the heart, sincerely.

How to learn to perform namaz for a girl

An inexperienced Muslim woman must know certain rules before starting to perform namaz, since, unlike Christianity, there are restrictions regarding the female gender. The correctness of reproducing the prayer is equal for everyone, the only difference is the position of the arms and legs during the process. A woman, like any Muslim, needs, in addition to knowing the correct pronunciation in Arabic, to delve into the meaning.

It is extremely important to read words correctly so that every inexperienced woman can perform prayer when writing prayers; sometimes the Russian alphabet is used. So, the girl needs to arrive clean and visit the toilet before starting the prayer. Make sure that the body is completely covered, leaving only the areas of the face, arms, hands, and feet. Then, raise your hands, fingers up, to your shoulders, and point your palms towards the Kaaba. The pose is as follows: your hands remain on the chest line, your legs are parallel to each other. After completing the reading, fix your hands on your chest, place your right hand on top of your left, and begin prayer.

How to learn to do namaz from scratch

It has already been said that for a beginner in the Muslim faith, when performing prayer, it is best to repeat after an experienced one.

This way you will avoid repeating and getting used to an erroneous prayer. But you can also gradually learn on your own how to act correctly during prayer. Start by reading any four lines of the Holy Quran, memorize them and understand their meaning. Of course, it will be difficult for beginners at first; sometimes it seems that you have absolutely no idea where to even start. Put your own thoughts and your appearance in the right order, tune in to a sincere appeal to Allah. It is recommended to first read one of the main prayers - rakat.

It consists of a cycle of prayer poses and techniques accompanied by the recitation of formulas. Two types of rak'ahs are written - fard and sunnah, they are spoken out loud, with the exception of midday prayer. For a person who is not limited by illness, has reached maturity, and is not on the road, these two prayers are obligatory. Before starting to read, worshipers are required to completely cleanse the body; this includes not only visiting the toilet. To do this, you need to cough several times and stomp a little.

The position should be in the direction of the front part of the Kaaba, that is, the shrine located in the city of Mecca. You can use a compass to determine its direction, try to follow the directions. The main rule is to observe the prescribed time for performing prayer; if you start a little earlier, the prayer will not be considered valid. There are schedules for everyone geographical location Muslim country, observing it, you can practice on your own and in the mosque.

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