When installing powerful kitchen equipment (oven, hob), you should follow the principles of its safe connection - use special consumables and components for electrical wiring. One of important elements is the socket for the oven. If you ignore this norm, household appliances will not last long.
What sockets are needed for powerful equipment?
The oven requires 16-32 A power sockets, depending on technical characteristics equipment
The cable and socket for the oven should be selected according to the power of the device. It is usually indicated in the technical documentation for the equipment. Basically, ovens operate at a voltage of 220/380 V. The current strength here is 25/32 A. It all depends on whether the equipment in front of the master is single-phase or three-phase.
More often, the following sockets for stoves and ovens are used for powerful cabinets:
- 16 A and 220 V. Designed for standard household appliances power up to 3.5 kW.
- At 32A/220 V. Used with single-phase ovens with a power of 3.6-7 kW.
- At 20 A/380 V. Designed for three-phase equipment.
All power points for powerful equipment are grounded. Therefore, they have more terminals than standard elements. For single-phase sockets, there are two supply points and one ground. Three-phase ones have 3 feeders, one for grounding, one for zero (5 in total).
Possibility of connecting the oven to a regular outlet
It is not recommended to connect the oven to a regular outlet. Fire safety standards establish that separate power lines must be installed for powerful kitchen appliances. This is due to the fact that ovens and frying equipment consume more power than standard appliances: washing machine, hairdryer, kettle, etc. If you do not make a separate line, the machine will constantly work in the house or an emergency will arise due to melting/ignition of weaker wiring.
The exception is ovens with a power of up to 3.5 kW. They can operate from a standard outlet.
Locations for installing power points
The oven socket cannot be installed in the following areas of the kitchen, according to established standards:
- on the wall in close proximity to hot equipment;
- in the area of wet objects: washing, draining, water pipes;
- at a height much larger than the working surface;
- near gas pipes– sockets are removed from them by at least 40 cm;
- in close proximity to the floor - it is advisable to raise the power point 15-20 cm from its level, ideally 100 cm.
A good area to install a power point is the wall under the countertop - under the built-in furniture. In this case, access to the outlet is always open, and the area where it is located remains dry. Connecting the plug to the socket is very simple here.
Craftsmen recommend refraining from the decision to make an outlet behind the oven. The feeding point should be located in a dry place accessible to the owner’s eye. It should not be exposed to temperature changes. And in any case, this is inevitable when the cabinet is operating.
Another point worth considering is the operation of the combi oven (steam supply to industrial installations). Even in small quantities, condensation can settle on an outlet located behind the equipment. This is already an assumption of an emergency situation.
A power point installed immediately behind the cabinet may prevent it from being organically integrated into the overall “ensemble” of the kitchen. The equipment will unsightly protrude beyond the same common line with the furniture.
Power determination
Power is the main parameter that determines the choice of outlet to which you can connect later when installing the oven. To calculate it, you need to divide the amount of power consumed by the equipment (for example, 3.5 kW) by the network voltage. Typically, the master receives a value of 16, 20 or 32 A. This socket indicator will allow you to safely install, connect and operate the oven.
Parameters to consider
When connecting the oven and hob To the electrical network, it is important to pay attention to the type of plug of the equipment. More often it is presented in the European standard. Therefore, you need to buy a socket from the same class. Otherwise, the money will be wasted.
Additionally, it is advisable to pay attention to the material of the inside of the socket. It is better if these are ceramic rather than aluminum components. Only under such conditions will the power point withstand a continuous cycle of operation of the equipment for 2-3 hours (standard mode for oven equipment).
In order to de-energize the kitchen as quickly as possible in the event of an emergency, it is better to provide 32 A circuit breakers in the distribution panel.
Socket installation diagrams
Installation diagram of equipment and sockets
Connecting the power point can be done in the following ways:
- Open installation. Provides for the use of an overhead socket on the wall. It is mandatory to openly install power points on wooden walls. This is regulated by the PUE. It is prohibited to embed either wiring or sockets into the tree. For concrete, brick, gas blocks, the open installation method is at the discretion of the master, if it fits into the overall concept of the kitchen interior.
- Hidden way. Involves inserting a socket into the wall. This method is most often used when carrying out major renovations in the kitchen or before finishing, since the work is quite dirty. You will have to significantly damage the tiled kitchen apron. However, for an experienced master this is not a problem.
From a fire safety point of view, the open method of installing sockets is more preferable. In addition, they can be easily built into kitchen cabinets or tables.
Possible errors
Sometimes craftsmen make the following mistakes when installing sockets under the oven:
- Lay a separate wire, grounding the power point to pipes and risers. This is life-threatening.
- Connect other household kitchen appliances to the oven's power circuit. This provokes emergency situations.
- Three-phase models of equipment are connected to a single-phase electrical line. Some of the hob burners will be blocked, and their indicators will show residual heat.
To choose the right socket for your oven, you must first read the technical documentation for it. You cannot use a double combination socket to connect a hob and oven at the same time. A separate powerful cable is pulled for each type of equipment. If both types of equipment are on the same supply line, this will trigger the machine.
In new buildings, the issue of connecting power lines to kitchen electrics is already provided for. Therefore, here it is easier for the master to connect with his own hands.
And the oven to power, you need to make sure that the cables and sockets meet all safety requirements.
Sockets are selected depending on the nature of the equipment. Manufacturers make ovens and hobs single-phase or three-phase. Their power ranges from 2.5 to 10 kW. Let's look at each of them in more detail.
Single-phase and three-phase connection
Appliances operating up to 3.5 kW operate from a standard 16 A/220 V socket connector. An ordinary cable and a 16 amp plug are connected to the ovens, of course, if the connection is independent, because of this, only such a socket can be used.
The hob kit does not include a plug, so you will have to look for not only an outlet, but also a plug. If work requires at least 3.6 -7 kW, only a power outlet with 32 A/220 V capabilities and a special 32 A plug are suitable.
Ovens operate at a voltage of 380 V. When the voltage does not exceed 3.5 kW, the three-phase socket includes 20 A, at a voltage from 3.6 to 7 kW - 20 A. If the manufacturer does not include a three-phase plug with exactly the same number of amperes, it must be purchased separately.
The sockets and plugs of such devices have, therefore, they include large number pins and holes. If you connect an ungrounded device, this can pose a threat to health and life.
Selection criteria and cost
Legrand single-phase socket The characteristics of the sockets must correspond to the voltage that appears immediately after connecting the device.
You can find this indicator yourself. For example, the total power of the hob is divided by the mains voltage. But to reinsure yourself, the resulting indicator needs to be increased slightly, by about 5 units.
You need to know that hobs are more powerful than ovens. They easily get the job done with 220 W of power and a 25 A socket. Most cooking models can also be connected to conventional 32 A systems. But a separate device must also be at least 40A.
When choosing a model for electric stoves, it is worth keeping in mind that for their operation there are overhead and built-in systems. If equipment is installed in wooden building, it is recommended to use only the installation of invoices, with open wiring. To protect yourself from fire, the wire must be in a special one.
Single-phase, two-phase and three-phase devices for ovens and hobs are produced by many manufacturers. For example, the manufacturer of high-quality Legrand units. There are cheaper analogues, but they cannot provide a guarantee of safety.
The cost of single-phase plugs varies from 1300 to 2000 thousand rubles. Two-phase models from 880 to 1200 thousand rubles. The purchase of a three-phase one will cost no more than 2,500 thousand rubles. Products in this price category can provide high-quality and safe work.
As a rule, the cost of cheap ones is reduced due to the substitution of production materials. But at the same time, the level of security decreases.
How to install?
Professionals do not put forward special instructions. Often, this is the basement part of the kitchen room and is 10 cm high. When the oven is located above the table level, the socket should be mounted next to it.
You should not place mechanisms and other auxiliary devices immediately behind the equipment. Otherwise, they may bump into each other and not stand up properly. Other devices are installed using exactly the same principle. Power supplies should be installed close to the devices, or below its level if it is planned to be installed directly above the floor.
How exactly the installation will be carried out should be chosen by the home owners to their own taste. If the house has brick or concrete walls, the master can choose any method.
From a security point of view, hidden installations are more reliable. The only rule that needs to be followed is that owners need to prevent the cable from interacting with flammable substances, flammable plastic, and wood.
The exception is wooden buildings. Fire safety requirements allow only external installation, since wood itself is a highly flammable material, so hiding all possible wires in it is strictly prohibited.
The same rule applies to wooden kitchen furniture. Therefore, if, for example, the oven socket should be located nearby, then the craftsman will have to make a hole in the back wall and install the structure into the wall, but in no case into the cabinet itself.
How to connect?
Only a specialist should connect the components of both the oven and the hob. Incorrect selection of materials can be life-threatening. During the installation process, the master is required to use protective elements. Otherwise, mistakes made may lead to overheating of the system, causing a short circuit and fire.
As mentioned earlier, conducted electricity can be single-phase, two-phase and three-phase. Plugs and sockets are matched to them. Depending on the level of absorbed electricity of household appliances, sockets and plugs are produced at 20A and 32A.
Single-phase/two-phase connection:
- Cable. For a single-phase network, a 3×4 or 3×6 wire, grade ng, is used. Its configuration can be round or flat. The cross section is selected in accordance with the power consumption.
- Sub-unit and box. For wall mounting of an oven socket, you can use a special overhead box. It must have similar dimensions and match the amperes. In other words, the socket and the box must have exactly the same markings.
- Internal installations carried out only in conjunction with a special sub-unit.
- Devices and. A separate connection line should be drawn not only to kitchen appliances, but also to the electrical panel. This ensures safe connection of wires and reliable protection from electrical shock in the event of a mechanism failure.
Each machine is selected individually for the outlet. If the stove does not require high power consumption, install single-pole 20A devices. Such systems include small and medium-phase equipment with a voltage of no more than 4 kW.
For more powerful ones, with electricity consumption from 4 kW - at 32A. The RCD must correspond to the characteristics of the machine, and be 1 step stronger in power. For example, if the machine has a voltage of 32 A, then you need a 40A/30mA RCD.
Three-phase connection
Equipment with such power must be treated with great care. Home owners need to make sure that they will not have problems after connecting it.
The fact is that in many houses, to this day, old electrical wiring is installed, which is not able to pull more than 220 Volts. Exceptions include new buildings, since developers install a three-phase network with a voltage of 380 Volts during the construction phase.
Its installation requires a completely different set of components, namely:
- Three-phase cable, designed for VVGng(A) 5x4, is provided for systems from 4 kW.
- Automatic machines and RCDs. Devices corresponding to this phase at 20 or 32A are required, in accordance with the electrical power of the panel, as well as 4-pole RCDs. Since in the first case, they must be at a nominal value greater than the machine.
- Sub-unit and box.
Elements are selected based on whether the connection point will be mounted internally or externally.
It should be taken into account that all cooking mechanisms do not have plugs, and some models go on sale without a cable, so they only have terminal blocks. Before deciding to install an outlet, you need to answer the question, is it really necessary?
The fact is that sometimes it is more rational to organize the connection directly to the terminal blocks of the equipment, or to connect the cables using a mini-shield, but only if the package includes a cable and a surface.
In such a situation, there is no need to use a power plug. However, the RCD machine will have to be used in any case, but only now they are installed together with the electric stove.
One of the favorite places for family members to spend time in an apartment or private house is the kitchen. A modern kitchen must be equipped with a kitchen household appliances, where culinary masterpieces are created. One of the representatives of the family of kitchen appliances is the oven.
But to operate after purchasing it and during subsequent installation, it must be powered by electricity. This work is usually performed by qualified specialists. But we will provide the necessary information to understand the connection procedure below.
How many phases are needed
For devices used for domestic purposes with a power of up to 9 kW, as a rule, a single-phase electrical network is used. This is due to the installation of a 220V socket and plug. For instances industrial use A three-phase connection to the electrical network is used.
It is recommended to select a socket and plug from high-quality and proven brands of electrical goods. The socket and plug mechanism must be made of high-quality metal, the contacts must be made of copper conductors, and the core body is most often made of ceramics. It is better to choose the body of the socket and plug from high-quality plastic, otherwise cheap products will break or crack during use.
Separate power line
When connecting the power supply, it is necessary to take into account the power of the device and the condition of the electrical wiring in the room in which it will be installed. Special attention It is worth paying attention to rooms located in old buildings, since the wiring there is very old, and perhaps even aluminum. You need this to determine whether to install a separate line or use existing electrical wiring.
All models of cabinets for household use have a power of up to 4 kW and a voltage of 220V. If you have to re-run the electrical power line, it is recommended to use the VVGng-3x2.5mm2 cable (this copper wire). Keep in mind that the three conductors are distributed among themselves as: phase, neutral working and protective grounding.
Precautions
Be very careful when performing this work. Firstly, it is dangerous due to the possibility of electric shock, which can lead to serious injury. Secondly, incorrect connection can lead to equipment breakdown and then it will not be accepted for warranty service or repair. Thirdly, incorrect connection can also lead to fire hazards.
Be very careful and careful, and if you do not have the necessary skills and experience to carry out electrical work, then it is better to entrust this work to a qualified specialist.
December 24, 2017
The old electric stove was connected to an outlet, which was connected to a cable of a certain cross-section. This wire led to a distribution box, where it was connected via a machine to the power cable coming from the substation. That is, the connection diagram is quite simple. But the days of free-standing cooktops are gradually disappearing. They have been replaced by built-in appliances, in which the panel and oven are already separate elements. Each of them has its own power cord and plugs. And since there is only one socket, it will not be possible to insert two plugs into it at the same time.
Connection options
It seems that the solution is located on the surface: connect both power wires from the oven and the panel into one plug and insert it into the socket. The option is essentially incorrect.
- A cable with a cross section of 3x6 mm is laid from the distribution panel to the kitchen, and a 32A circuit breaker is installed in the panel.
- The power cable for the hob is exactly the same.
- Cable cross-section for oven 3X2.5 mm. And it requires a 16 A automatic machine.
What can happen if such a twist is made. There are several options: the oven may burn out, because a 32 A machine is installed in the panel, its power cable may burn out, no one knows how the oven will behave in general. In general, this connection option is immediately rejected.
The correct connection is separate sockets for each device. But here another problem arises. How to make a branch from the main power cable 3x6 to the supply cable to the oven 3x2.5. You can’t do it directly, because if a thin cable starts to overheat, the thick cable’s protection simply won’t respond. The solution is quite simple, since the market today offers various devices with which you can neatly and reliably connect wires and cables of different sizes.
What you will need for this:
- Plastic box for 2-4 modules. Choose those that already have standard buses for zero and phase. If there are none, then you will have to additionally purchase these tires and install them in any convenient place inside the box.
- A two-pole circuit breaker that will perform both its functions and the functions of the terminal block. It is better to choose ABB S200 series machines. The thing is that two wires fit into their clamps at once. And for our design this is exactly what is necessary.
- A 16 A socket into which the plug from the oven will be connected.
Assembling the connection diagram
So, all the materials are ready, you can proceed to assembly. Here is the connection diagram for all devices. 
- A two-pole circuit breaker is installed in the box. The machines have one feature - the ability to connect devices to them from different sides. That is, it does not matter where the supply cable is inserted and where the outlet cable is inserted.
- On one side, the phase and neutral from the supply wire for the oven are connected to the machine. Since the machine is selected for 16 A, it will accordingly turn off the oven if high currents appear in it.
- On the other hand, the modules have exactly the same phase and neutral, only two wires. One will connect to the hob, the second is the power wire from the distribution panel. That is, this is the wire that was connected to the old outlet. In this case, the hob plug is cut off and the connection is made directly to the machine. By the way, some stove models are not equipped with forks. But for the oven it is better to install a separate outlet. It can be located inside the box (six-module) or mounted on the wall next to the device.
- All that remains is to connect the grounding circuit, for this purpose the busbar was installed inside the box. That is, the grounding wire coming from the distribution board, the grounding from the oven and the hob are simultaneously connected to it.
You can make the connection differently. To do this, you only need a 16 A machine, through which the oven will be connected. But in the box, in addition to the grounding busbar, you will have to install an additional busbar for phase and zero. That is, there will be three tires in the box, so for this you will have to choose a larger device. For example, for six modules.
- The following are connected to the phase bus: the supply wire (meaning its phase wire), the supply wire of the hob and the wire connected to the machine.
- The zero bus is connected to the zero from the supply wire, from the hob and the wire going to the socket for the oven.
- A wire is drawn from the machine to the socket.
It is better to install the box somewhere below the base of the kitchen unit so that it is not visible and so that no one touches it.
In principle, these are the most correct decisions in this situation. But there is a better option. If you are renovating your apartment and decide to purchase built-in appliances, then leave the old cable for the hob. And for the oven, draw a new one with the required cross-section.
How to connect an oven and hob | Combination socket
And install a separate 16 A circuit breaker on the line. That is, you will have two sockets on the wall. Each one powers its own device. This ideal option for connecting the oven and hob.
Let's add that today electrical circuits equipped with protective devices different types where the machine plays important role. It turns off the power supply to household appliances if current has formed in the network increased strength. This current burns out the supporting electrical circuits. But there is one more device, the installation of which is considered mandatory today. This is an RCD (residual current device).
It is necessary so that a person does not get an electric shock when there is a breakdown in the electrical circuit, and the voltage is transmitted to the metal housings of the same oven or hob. If a person touches the metal, he gets an electric shock. If there is an RCD, then it takes over these stray currents. This protective device can be installed inside the distribution board or near the outlet where the box was mounted.
Home » Sockets » How to correctly position the socket for the oven
How to position the oven socket correctly
When designing a box for an oven, not all home owners and furniture assemblers remember one important feature: it is necessary to correctly position the device's socket, choosing the most suitable place for it. To do this, you need to follow certain rules.
Installing an oven socket: basic rules
Often, a regular extension cord is used to supply power to the device. But it is not always possible to do this. Then you need to think about the location so as to place the outlet directly in the area where the oven is located.
In any case, before you start installing the outlet, you need to read the recommendations that are given in the passport for the oven. The passport also indicates the overall dimensions of the electrical equipment, which influence the choice of box, primarily its size.
It is very important to remember that there are areas where you cannot install an outlet. These include:
- space on the wall immediately behind the oven. This arrangement makes it impossible to use the outlet, and also makes it difficult to place the oven in the box;
- in places where water may get on the outlet - near a sink or sewer drain. If there is a problem of lack of space and the outlet has to be installed under the sink, it must be reliably protected from moisture. To ensure such protection, you need to contact a professional.
- next to the hob.
Where can I install an oven socket?
Due to the fact that electrical equipment does not tolerate proximity to water, it is first of all important that the outlet is located away from water supply and sewerage facilities.
The next important rule is that the outlet for the oven should be lower than the countertop, and it is advisable that it be located in a box. But you must remember to make sure there is free access to the outlet from the outside. To do this, you can remove the back wall of the box or part of it.
Constant access to the outlet is necessary for safety reasons, as damage or fire can occur even if installed correctly.
Is it possible to connect the oven and hob to the same outlet?
In this case, you must very quickly disconnect the device from the network.
The oven socket can be installed not only in the box, but also in the following places:
- on the wall next to the box designed for exhaust hood;
- on one of the working walls of the kitchen unit.
Install an outlet, if convenient, outside the headset.
Extension cord to help
As for power supply from the oven to the outlet, it is usually carried out using an extension cord. Thanks to this feature, the distance of the outlet from the oven is not important.
So that the extension cord does not catch the eye and does not create interference, it is hidden. For example, you can place an extension cord behind the headset; a convenient place for it is the gap between the wall and the box. If using an extension cord is undesirable, you need to think about the location of the device and outlet in advance. In this case, the socket must be installed no further than 1 meter from the oven installation area.
In order not to make a mistake in the installation and not to redo this operation in the future, it is recommended to seek advice from a professional or completely entrust this procedure to a specialist. A qualified electrician can help you choose the most suitable good place to place the socket for the oven, and, if necessary, will install the socket. In this case, you can be sure that the socket for the oven will not only have the correct location, but will also comply with safety regulations.
Socket for hob and oven
What kind of socket for an oven should there be?
When you decide to purchase a stylish, fashionable oven for your kitchen, do not forget that this equipment requires high-quality wiring and sockets. Without a reliable wire that connects the distribution panel and a suitable outlet designed to operate such a powerful unit, the new oven will not last long. Therefore, when going to an electrical goods store, first determine what the power of the new electrical equipment is. Considering this parameter, know that the power socket for the oven in the photo cannot have a power less than this number. A larger power reserve is acceptable, and even desirable. Anything less will cause the equipment to quickly burn out.
Choosing an outlet
We calculate the power
This is the main parameter that should be followed when choosing an outlet for connecting the oven. For any model of electrical equipment, the manufacturer provides the buyer with instructions that clearly indicate all technical parameters. The standard amount of power consumption is 1.5-2.5 kW. Dividing this figure by the network voltage, we obtain an indicator of the current strength that occurs when the device is connected to the network. Typically, the current is 12 amperes. Taking into account such calculations, we come to the conclusion which outlet is needed for the oven. Namely 16 amperes. If you plan to connect the oven and hob to one paired outlet, its power must be at least 32 amperes. It is this reserve that will allow you to easily use the oven and hob at the same time without fear of a short circuit.
Other options
Modern electric ovens are equipped with Euro standard plugs. Therefore, the socket for connecting the oven must also be of the Euro type. Plus, given the power of electric furnaces, you should purchase a socket with ceramic insides. Only ceramics can withstand excessive loads, for 2-3 hours - the optimal period of continuous operation of the hob and oven. By appearance and color scheme, there are no special recommendations. These parameters are determined by the buyer independently.
Installation
Having decided which sockets for the oven and hob are suitable for a particular case, you should consider the nuances of installing the equipment. Before you start installing electrical equipment, you need to make sure that the wiring is suitable for such powerful devices. If the conductors are old, it is recommended to replace them with new copper or steel ones. Additionally, we install 32-amp circuit breakers in the electrical panel, which will allow you to quickly turn off the power to kitchen equipment if necessary. Note that some manufacturers, such as Samsung and Hansa, equip ovens and hobs with branded sockets. In this case, you just need to install an outlet and connect the unit to it.
Determining the location
Before installing the socket for the oven, you need to think about where to install this element. Experts say that sockets for connecting ovens and hobs should not be located in the following places:
- In the area where the sink, drain and near the water supply are located.
- On the wall, in the area where the oven itself is located.
- Above the worktop.
The best placement is the inside of the headset under the work surface, to which there is easy access. If the socket is placed above the countertop, then this should be done away from the sink, refrigerator, oven and hob.
How to properly connect the oven to the electrical network. What wire and circuit breaker are needed?
Compliance with this rule will help avoid short circuits in the electrical circuit.
Some electricians advise not to purchase a separate power outlet, but to connect the oven and hob to an outlet in the kitchen using an extension cord. Immediately abandon this idea, since numerous connections lead to short circuits and fire hazards. It is better not to skimp on high-quality wiring and the purchase of suitable high-quality elements of electrical equipment. Remember, the safety of the entire home depends on how correctly the household appliances are selected and connected.
Which socket for an electric oven can be selected and how to connect it correctly is shown in the video.
To summarize, we note that the choice of outlet to which you plan to connect an electric oven and hob must be approached as responsibly as possible. The service life of kitchen appliances depends on the quality of this equipment. Don’t try to save money and buy cheap analogues. Experts recommend installing expensive electrical equipment that will be of high quality. Only in this case can you be sure of the safe use of the oven and hob.
Connecting the oven and hob to the mains: using a power outlet
The hob and oven are powerful consumers of electricity, for connecting which a dedicated line with a separate specially designed socket must be used.
Types of hobs
Depending on design There are two types of hobs:
- Dependent (connected) surface. Its operation can be controlled using handles located on the electric oven.
- Unrelated. Receives power via a separate line and is controlled by its own means.
Important! An unconnected hob and oven cannot be connected to the same outlet. To power each of these devices, its own line is laid.
Induction cookers
Such equipment can be divided into a separate group not so much due to the peculiarities of its connection, but because of the unusual principle of operation, which is based on heating metal utensils under the influence of powerful electromagnetic field, created on the surface of the device. Such a field causes eddy currents to flow in the metal from which the cookware is made, which causes it to heat up.
The advantages of induction cookers include:
- High efficiency and heating speed of dishes.
- A working stove affects only metal utensils, without having any effect on the kitchen utensils located near it.
- The glossy surface of the stove maintains a low temperature during cooking.
Currently, induction cookers are not very common because they have some disadvantages:
- Inability to work with ceramic, glass or aluminum cookware (the electromagnetic field only affects ferromagnetic materials).
- The price of such equipment is quite high.
- The presence of a characteristic sound when the material of the cookware installed on the stove is remagnetized.
Selecting devices to connect the panel
The power of most models of modern ovens is 3-3.5 kW.
Connecting the hob and oven. Connection diagram, sockets
The hob consumes up to 7 kW. To connect the oven, you must use a power outlet and electrical cables with a rated current of at least 16 amperes. More powerful models of this kitchen equipment are powered through power outlets with a rated current of 32 A, and each of these consumers must have one outlet.
As for the choice of cable through which the hob or oven is connected to the distribution panel, then with a rated current of 16 A you should choose a copper cable with a cross-section of 2.5 mm2, and with a current of 32 A - 6 mm2.
To facilitate the selection of the required section, the following table can be used:
Most modern hobs are supplied without an electrical plug; it must be selected in accordance with the installed plug connector, as well as the device connection diagram used and the supply voltage.
Connection methods
To connect the hob, you can use one of the following diagrams:
- Single-phase circuit. It is carried out when installing equipment in apartments where there is only a single-phase network with a voltage of 220 V.
- Two-phase or three-phase connection, used to increase power and at the same time increase the efficiency of this equipment.
It is not possible to determine in advance one of the schemes according to which the connection will be made. Therefore, manufacturers do not equip the hob with a standard electrical plug.
As for less powerful consumers, which are ovens, they are designed to operate from a household power supply with a voltage of 220 V. Therefore, such equipment is equipped with a standard Euro plug, which includes grounding contacts in its design. This configuration is possible for ovens whose rated current does not exceed 16 A.
Single-phase connection of consumers is carried out using a three-core cable, which includes a phase (L), neutral (N) and grounding (PE) conductor. If the installation of the hob is carried out in an old house, where the wiring is laid with aluminum cable, then the line supplying these consumers must be replaced in order to ensure the required level of reliability and electrical safety.
To install a hob with your own hands, as well as connect especially powerful models of ovens, use a power outlet with a rated current of 32 A, which is necessarily equipped with a grounding contact. In appearance, such a device resembles a three-phase socket.
Connecting the line to the electrical panel
When connecting a hob or oven to an electrical panel, each of these electrical appliances should use one line, protected by its own circuit breaker. At the same time, for consumers with a rated current of 16 A, a 25 A circuit breaker is used, and for consumers whose rated current is 32 A, a 40 A circuit breaker is used.
It is mandatory to connect protective grounding. In consumers such as a hob or oven, the power cable has one grounding conductor, which is connected to the body of the electrical appliance and brought out to connect to the corresponding contact on the electrical plug. The grounding conductor has yellow-green insulation color.
Important! The grounding and neutral conductors must not be mixed up when connecting them. One such mistake can lead to very serious consequences.
It often happens that the wires brought out to connect the hob have the same insulation color, or their markings do not correspond to the generally accepted ones. When connecting such a consumer with your own hands, you must make sure that all terminals are connected correctly.
If the phase conductor is easy enough to identify using an ordinary indicator screwdriver, then distinguishing the neutral wire from the ground wire is often much more difficult. To do this, a tester is used.
Determination of phase, neutral and ground wires can be performed using the following algorithm:
- At the installation site of the electrical outlet, which is intended to power the hob or oven, the phase wire is determined using an indicator screwdriver. It is necessary to sign this conductor or mark it with a piece of electrical tape.
- On the electrical panel to which the socket is connected, the purpose of each wire going to the consumer is determined. It is quite easy to identify the phase and neutral wires using an indicator screwdriver. As for the grounding conductor, it is connected to the metal body of the electrical panel or to a special terminal block.
- The neutral and phase wires are disconnected from the input circuit breaker and connected to each other.
- On the consumer side, the resistance between the phase and the remaining two wires is measured using a tester. In the case where the resistance is equal to the minimum value, the neutral wire will be found.
- Once all wire ends have been identified and labeled, the socket is installed and the cable is connected to the circuit breaker.
Direct connection
One of the options for installing the hob is a direct connection to the power supply electric wire with the terminal block of this equipment. In this case, the outlet is not used at all. This connection is considered the most reliable, but can cause a number of inconveniences when operating the hob. To disconnect it from the power supply, you will only have to use the standard switch on the control panel. If this switch fails, it will be quite difficult to de-energize the hob.
Execution of work
The procedure for connecting a hob or oven with your own hands can be as follows:
- Selecting the cross-section of the electrical cable with which this equipment will be connected, as well as the rated current circuit breaker and sockets. If the power supply line has already been laid, then it is necessary to evaluate its parameters depending on the power of the connected equipment. If these parameters do not match, you will have to lay another line using a more powerful cable.
- Based on the operating instructions for the hob, and also taking into account the characteristics of the home electrical network, a single-phase, two-phase or three-phase connection can be selected. To find out how the hob is connected to the network, as well as its nominal parameters, you should use the operating instructions. In addition, in most models of such equipment, there is a simple electrical diagram, which is applied to the device body directly next to the terminal block.
- The electrical cable is being laid to the distribution panel. The hob or oven must be connected using a residual current device. The presence of an RCD will help to identify possible insulation damage in a timely manner and prevent the consequences of a phase-to-ground fault.
- The electrical plug is connected in accordance with the markings of the wires. The grounding contact always differs from the phase and neutral contacts. It may vary in shape, size and location.
- A power electrical outlet is installed. In most cases, hidden wiring is used, which involves preliminary gating of the walls, as well as the making of a niche in the wall intended for installing an installation box.
- The cable is connected at the electrical panel using a circuit breaker and an RCD (as an alternative to these two devices, a differential circuit breaker can be used).
Connecting powerful household consumers with your own hands is, although not difficult, but a very responsible task, for which you must carefully follow the recommendations of the manufacturers of this equipment, as well as follow safety rules when working with elements of the electrical network.
Electrical sockets, water supply and sewerage outlet are called communications in the kitchen. Before renovating a kitchen, it is necessary to determine in advance the location of household appliances, as well as determine the route for distributing kitchen communications. Some general tips for placing sockets in the kitchen and connecting kitchen communications will help with this.
Placement of electrical outlets in the kitchen for the stove and sink
1. The stove and sink should not be placed close together. At the same time, you should not separate the stove and sink in different corners. Reasonable placement of the sink and stove is the distance of one work table.
2. The dish dryer should be placed above the sink.
3. When choosing a location for the stove, consider the location of the kitchen ventilation hole. When installing the hood above the stove, you may need to connect kitchen hood with ventilation hole. This is usually done using a corrugated pipe or plastic ventilation duct. Both types of ventilation can be hidden in a plasterboard box. You need to make such a box in advance, when carrying out a general kitchen renovation.
Layout of electrical outlets in the kitchen
Oven socket
4. When installing a separate oven, you must remember that the separate oven is installed almost flush against the wall. This means that all communications should be located under the oven at a height of no higher than 10-15 cm from the floor.
Socket for stove
5. You definitely need to plan the installation of a powerful outlet for an electric stove. They need to be placed under the work surface adjacent to the stove or section of furniture. The installation height should be 60-70 cm from the floor. For easy access to the socket for the stove, you need to cut a hole in the wall of the desktop behind which the socket is located. If you plan to install a hob, remember that there may be two such sockets. One for the panel (20-32-40 Amperes), the second for the oven (16 Amps).
Socket for hood
6. Be sure to provide an outlet for the hood. It should be located 10-20 cm above the surface of the shelves and 30 cm to the right or left of the center of the hood itself.
Socket and connection for dishwasher
7. Electrical socket for dishwasher Locate, as well as the stove socket, behind the right or left work tables in relation to the dishwasher. It is advisable to place the water supply and the outlet for the dishwasher on different sides. This will increase the electrical safety of the kitchen.
8. Plan the pipeline connection to the kitchen sink at a height of 40-50 cm from the floor. Along the axis of the sink mixer placement.
9. Plan the water supply, sewer drain and placement of the electrical outlet for the dishwasher by analogy with the dishwasher.
Sockets above the desk
10. Plan one or better two blocks of outlets on the surface. The kitchen apron is the space between the surface of the work table and the hanging shelves. Plan to place outlet blocks only above counters (do not place outlets above the stove or sink). The height of placement of socket blocks is 110-115 cm from the floor.
For kitchen furniture with lighting, plan an outlet for lighting next to the outlet for the hood.
TV socket
11. And lastly. Don't forget to plan sockets on the opposite wall from the kitchen unit, as well as an electrical outlet and a TV antenna outlet for the TV.
That's all! That's it for tips on how to properly place electrical outlets in your kitchen! Good luck to you in your endeavors!
