Installation of SIP panels. Instructions

An example of installation of SIP panel units is given for the use of panels with a polystyrene foam insulation thickness of 150 mm and OSB walls of 12 mm.

Depending on climatic conditions and customer objectives, it may be advisable to use thicker panels with 200 mm insulation

Node No. 1. Foundation-Floor-Wall

Let us remind you that when building a house on a monolithic slab, there is no need to use strapping beams and SIP panels as the floor. Therefore, we will dwell in more detail on the features of installation on strip and pile foundations.

As for the slab, it is more cost-effective to use other methods of insulating the subfloor, for example, high-density extruded polystyrene foam.

Placed on the foundation 2 or more layers of waterproofing to prevent wood saturation with moisture. This condition applies to all types of foundations.

The waterproofing must be strong enough so that the weight of the entire house does not compromise the properties of reliable insulation from moisture for decades.

A strapping beam is laid on the waterproofing and is securely attached to the tape in increments of 400 mm or to the pile heads. The strapping beam should be at least 45x145 mm in size, but it is better to use a larger size, for example, 90x145 mm or 145x145 mm.

Read more about the features of its installation in the description of foundation arrangement.

Secure the strapping beam into the tape using anchor bolts with a diameter of 12-14 mm. The bolt nut should be recessed into the beam and not stick out. To do this, you should pre-drill a small hole in it with a larger diameter than the nut. The anchor must extend at least 100 mm into the foundation.

Secure the strapping beam to the pile using a 12-16 mm stud with 2 nuts. Ideal option- this is to weld a pin into the center of the pile head, extending 100-200 mm inside the pile, followed by concreting the pile and welding the head to it. 2 or more layers of waterproofing are also laid on the pile, and the pin passes right through the strapping beam. It is cut to the level of the timber and fixed with a nut with a pre-prepared hole so that the nut was recessed into the beam.

The installation of SIP panels begins on the strapping beam in accordance with the installation plan. For the floor, it makes sense to use 625 mm wide panels to increase the number of joists. The foundation design must take into account the presence of support points and tie beams under all internal walls.

In quality construction they try to reduce the number of cold bridges and, accordingly, thermal seams. Therefore, it is advisable to mount the external wall of the SIP panel before attaching the strapping beam, and start the floor panel behind this external wall (see Unit 1.1). This solution will require the use of a taller SIP wall panel.

Economical option provides for the installation of SIP wall panels directly on the floor panels. In this case, there will be 3 thermal seams instead of 1 (see Unit 1.2), but panels can be used of a smaller height. For builders, this solution is faster and simpler, since there is no need to cut each wall panel. But it’s up to you to live in the house!

By choosing one of these options, you can begin installing floor SIP panels. They will either be shifted to the center of the house by 12 mm (the thickness of the OSB wall wall panel) in the first option, or they will go flush with the strapping beam - according to option 2.

Floor panels are installed according to the layout plan using information on the installation of Unit No. 2 Panel-Panel.

An important nuance - the lower part of the floor SIP panels is covered with mastic, to protect them from moisture in the ground. If possible the lower thermal gap of the floor panels is also sealed. If it is impossible to gain access to it after installing the panel, it is necessary to apply sealant in advance

onto an already installed panel.

There is also an alternative opinion that mastic cannot be used on the lower part of the first floor floors. If moisture penetrates into the floors from inside the house, there will be nowhere for it to escape. This may occur due to poor-quality sealing of the seams (for example, they simply foamed it instead of using thermal seam technology).

The floor panels are fastened to the strapping beam first with a 4x60 mm self-tapping screw diagonally from the ends. This is necessary to prevent the panels from moving in the plane of the foundation. After the installation of all floor panels is completed, their ends are covered with an antiseptic dry planed board 45x145 mm (end board in the diagram).

Everything by technology the timber inlays in the panel must first be foamed with high-quality polyurethane foam-glue. In order for the foam to work as efficiently as possible, Before applying foam, surfaces should be sprayed with water from a spray bottle.. Polymerization of the foam occurs under the influence of moisture, and this simple action will achieve better quality of foam curing.

When the floor is completely ready, it begins installation of connecting beams for fastening SIP wall panels. You can use 45x145 mm (in the diagram) or 90x145 mm - depending on the design of the house and the required balance of strength and thermal characteristics. The wall fastening beam is foamed from below and placed on the floor SIP panel.

There is a modification of the technology when a roll of foam polyethylene insulation the width of a beam and a thickness of 2-3 mm is laid between this board and the floor SIP panel, or 2 grooves of 3-4 mm are made in the board and a cord of foamed polyethylene 6-8 mm is laid (in the diagram these insulation options are not presented).

The connecting beam of the wall is secured with a high-strength structural screw TORX M8x280 mm (purple in the diagram). The length of the self-tapping screw is chosen such that it passes through the floor panel to the middle of the strapping beam). Fastening pitch - 400 mm. This is a very important component for attaching the wall to the foundation; we do not recommend saving on it!

Do not forget about the correct location of the fastening board on the floor SIP panel. When working according to Option No. 1, the board is flush with the panel. When working according to economical Option No. 2, the board is shifted inside the house by 12 mm (the thickness of the OSB wall panel). Before installing the wall panel, the board fastening to the floor is sprayed with water and foamed on all sides (green seam in the diagram).

The wall panel is fastened to the fastening board from 2 sides (outside and inside the house) using TORX 4x60 mm structural screws with a pitch of 150 mm.

Node No. 2. Panel-Panel

SIP panels are connected to each other using connecting beam.

Its dimensions can be different: for panels with insulation thickness 150 mm, dry planed antiseptic timber with a width of 145 mm and a thickness of 90 mm is used (see diagram Option No. 1). The sampling grooves in the insulation are made 40-45 mm deep.

Lightly loaded structures can be connected by timber/board 145x45 mm (see diagram Option No. 2).

The same lightweight version is sometimes used for roof panels. The depth of the groove in this case is 20-25 mm.

Dry planed is also used board 145x25 mm for insertion into the grooves at the ends of SIP panels. For example, in the lower and upper parts of the wall, along the perimeter of the floor panels, these are the ends of the roof overhangs.

Before inserting the timber into the groove of the panel, it is necessary to moisten the surfaces with water using a sprayer, then apply mounting foam into the groove of the SIP panel.

If the size of the beam and the depth of insulation in the SIP panel are chosen correctly, then the thermal seam between the walls of the panels will be 3-5 mm.

For high-quality sealing of the seam it is necessary to use Izolon cord and sealant(see above). In this case, the thermal gap is called thermal seam - it will be elastic, air-moisture-proof and will ensure a long service life of the SIP at home.

In cheap SIP construction, thermal seam technology is not used. All thermal gaps are foamed with mounting foam, which is cut off after drying.

The obvious disadvantage of this solution is that the foam gradually breaks down and crumbles under the influence of oxygen. Moisture will get into the seam, and this will not only bridge of cold, but also the likelihood of damage to the timber and the end of the panel fungi.

Cut ends of OSB boards SIP panels are most susceptible to fungal damage, so they must be treated with an antiseptic. Ideally, buy SIP panels immediately with processed ends + process the ends yourself when cutting a solid panel.

If a SIP panel is used 200 mm thick, For a more durable option, a connecting beam is suitable 195x90 mm, and for lightweight - 195x45 mm.

A durable option is used if the house is being built in volume or on several floors. A 195x25 mm board is also used to seal the ends of the panels.

In cheap SIP construction, builders can save money by using high-quality timber of the required thickness. There are 2 options for replacing timber with smaller boards.

Option #3

Instead of 90x145 mm timber, 2 dry planed boards 45x145 mm are used, fastened with self-tapping screws and foam. Obviously, this connection will provide a significant cold bridge over time.

Option No. 4

3 boards are used to recreate the size of the timber 90x145 mm. This option is more difficult to manufacture, but the cold bridge will be smaller than in option No. 3.

Node No. 3. Panel angle 90,45,135o

There are several options for assembly installation schemes. We will not present “Economy” options with boards sticking out and 3 thermal seams, as they are not recommended. Moreover, they do not save anything except 20 minutes of construction time.

The correct corner contains 1 thermal seam. In one of the panels it is necessary to make a cutout of the insulation and the inner part of the OSB to match the size of the second panel. After this, an additional sample of insulation is made using a thermal knife under a 45x145 mm beam and the inner beam is installed.

In the second panel, a sample of insulation is made for a 45x145 mm beam (indicated in the diagram) or (if it is necessary to structurally strengthen this corner), a sample and a 90x145 mm beam are used.

This corner beam is first fixed to the first panel with TORX 4x60 screws. It must be secured in such a way that there is room for the OSB walls of the second panel. If we mount the corner of the wall, then do not forget about the need for a fastening beam on the floor.

The second panel with the finished groove is inserted last. After leveling in all planes, the panels are secured to the fastening beams along the perimeter.

Using only 4x60 mm self-tapping screws is not enough to securely fasten the corner. The main fastening element in this assembly is a TORX 8x200 structural screw, which is fastened through the second panel into the fastening beam of the first panel with a pitch of 400 mm.

Sharp corners are installed using the same principle in SIP construction.

It is important to cut the fastening beam at the desired angle and take into account that if the beam is placed at an angle in a panel with 150 mm of insulation, the width of the beam must be more than 150 mm.

You may need dry planed timber measuring 45x195 mm or larger.

Also, the thickness of the timber used can be increased when it is necessary to strengthen a structural element.

Connecting SIP panels at an obtuse angle, for example, 135 degrees, can be done by analogy with the SIP panel - SIP panel unit (see above), but the connecting beam must be used longer, since it is also at an angle in the panel.

To simplify the installation of self-tapping screws at an angle, it may make sense to drill a 2.5-3 mm hole with a drill.

It is also possible to use thicker timber in installation - if necessary, strengthen the structure.

Node No. 4. Window and door assembly

The installation of window and door openings is shown in the diagrams in the section of the wall plane.

SIP panels are mounted in such a way as to create a window opening of the required size.

timber 45x145 mm is laid.

The timber is secured with self-tapping screws, and all seams are foamed, and the outside, after the foam has dried, is covered with sealant.

The beam is recessed flush into the panel. It is important to ensure that the timber is level. This will greatly facilitate the subsequent installation of windows.

The doorway is mounted in much the same way as a window. When installing walls the lower fastening beam remains on the floor until the installation of all sections of the wall is completed. This is necessary to ensure that the wall is level.

Upon completion of the construction of the door opening, the fastening beam in it is cut out and removed.

A small SIP panel insert above the door can be mounted and inserted separately. It is very important to ensure a uniform plane of panels to the left and right of the door.

As an option, you can pre-fix the connecting beam along the top of the panels, this will simplify the leveling of the plane.

There is an installation option with recesses in niches (windows, doors) of only 25 mm and the use of timber, respectively, measuring 145x25 mm.

The illustration shows an example of inserting a connecting beam into an opening before the stage of securing it with self-tapping screws.

Node No. 5. Interfloor ceiling

The installation of interfloor slabs in a SIP house can also be performed in several ways.

In our options The floor panels of the 2nd floor rest on the walls of the 1st floor and are fastened through and through to the fastening beam of the 2nd floor.(structural self-tapping screw 280 mm with a pitch of 400 mm in the diagram).

There is an opinion that it is cheaper to make a floor using standard frame technology - wooden joists and cotton wool. But, if you take into account all the subtleties of the correct installation of frame floors and moisture/vapor barrier wool, then the option with SIP panels will not be much more expensive.

Most often used for floors SIP panels 625 mm wide, which allows you to increase the number of lags and the strength of the structure. In this case, the lags are the fastening beams in SIP panels.

The fastening beam of the 1st floor ceiling, 2nd floor floor and floor joists can be either 45x145 mm or 90x145 mm, depending on the required structural strength of the building.

Option #1

The installation of the first floor wall ends with a 45x145 mm beam in the groove of the wall panel. The interfloor SIP panel rests on it. It makes sense to immediately assemble a whole row of panels and secure the floors in rows according to the designed panel layout plan.

In Option No. 1, the floor panel is shifted by 12 mm into the house so that the OSB wall panel of the 2nd floor covers the floor. This allows you to make 1 thermal seam instead of 4. But in this case it is necessary to use higher SIP wall panels.

The logs themselves are not shown in the diagram, only the joint with the wall of the 1st and 2nd floors.

During the installation process, the floor panel must be fixed with temporary fasteners to the fastening beam of the wall of the 1st floor. After laying out a row along the wall, you should mount the fastening beams of the walls of the 2nd floor on the panels and tighten the structure with a long TORX 8x400 mm structural screw with a pitch of 400 mm.

SIP panels of the walls of the 2nd floor are cut from the inside to the thickness of the ceiling + insulation is removed from them using a thermal knife under the fastening beam of the floor of the 2nd floor.

Node No. 6. Mauerlat. Wall-Roof

The connection unit for a wall made of SIP panels is presented in the variant with ceiling covering of the 2nd floor also made of SIP panels.

Same as in interfloor ceilings(see above), this overlap can be made using different technologies, including the one presented in the diagram.

The outer OSB wall goes all the way to the end of the wall. A cutout is made inside for installing the ceiling and a hole for the connecting beam. Installation begins with the installation of this connecting beam and bringing all the beams of this wall to the same plane using a laser level.

SIP panels we install the ceilings with the end board already fixed in them. Installation of panels should be carried out in rows, securing the panels to temporary fasteners so that they do not move along the installation plane.

We use the designed panel layout plan. For floors, SIP panels with a width of 625 mm are most often used.

The wall assembly ends with the installation of a beam called " Mauerlat". This is a thick beam beveled at the angle of the wall, for example, 150x150 mm. The Mauerlat is fixed through the floor panel to the connecting beam of the 2nd floor wall using TORX 8x280 mm structural screws with a pitch of 400 mm.

On the roof panel, which is also most often 625 mm wide, it is mounted locking block 50x50 mm - to rest on the Mauerlat and prevent the panel from sliding off the roof during installation. This block is necessary only for the convenience of starting the installation of the panel and will not bear the main structural load.

The main fasteners for the SIP roof panels are TORX 8x240 mm structural screws, also with a pitch of 400 mm.

Upon completion of the roof installation, the end parts of the roof panels are covered with boards 45x145 mm or 25x145 mm.

There is an option to install a roof with a SIP panel only up to the beginning of the wall. Then the roof is removed using the connecting beams of the panels (rafters), but without insulation inside. This solution saves on the required panel area, but ultimately depends on the span length and the need to cut the panels or use whole ones.

Node No. 7. Run. Roof panels

The purlin is a thick beam, beveled at the angle of the roof, which transfers the load to the walls from the middle part of the roof (between the Mauerlat and the ridge). Purlin is required when the roof span is more than 4 meters long.

The purlin beam is mounted in the walls in a niche prepared for it. You need to select the insulation from the niche using a thermal knife and install the connecting beam according to the diagram.

The purlin cannot be installed in an unprepared opening, resting only on the edge of the OSB boards!

The connection of the roof panels is carried out at the installation site of the purlin beam. 45x145 mm or 90x145 mm is used as a connecting one (according to the design and calculations).

The connecting bars perpendicular to the mauerlat, purlin and ridge will serve as roof rafters.

SIP roofs do not require a separate rafter system underneath.

The main fastener of the unit is a structural self-tapping screw TORX 8x360 mm and 8x280 mm. The long self-tapping screw must also pass through the connecting beam under the purlin. Self-tapping screws 280 mm go in the span areas, between the walls.

It is possible to strengthen the structure with the help of galvanized mounting angles, which additionally secure the rafters to the purlin. When using them, you will need to make a small cutout in the next SIP panel at the corner.

The most popular solution is to use SIP panels with an insulation thickness of 200 mm in roof panels. In this case, a wider beam 45x195 mm or 90x195 mm is used.

There are solutions that involve the use of a standard rafter system UNDER a SIP roof. This makes it possible to increase the strength of the structure, but also increases installation time.

Node No. 8. Roof ridge

A ridge or ridge beam is the main load-bearing element of the roof, located at the very top of the frame. Usually this is a beam 150x150 mm or larger. For long, thick beams, it makes sense to use quality laminated timber solutions. They give minimal deformation and sagging.

The connecting bars of SIP roof panels are simultaneously rafter system, tied together using a 45x145 mm board with TORX 4x95 screws. In this case, the strapping board runs along the outer layer of the SIP panel.

The main load-bearing fastener of the unit is a TORX structural screw 8x240 mm. In the case of fastening through the cross section of rafters with a thickness of 45 mm, it makes sense to drill a 5-6 mm hole for a self-tapping screw in the rafters to prevent them from cracking during installation.

It also makes sense to fix the rafters with mounting angles to the ridge beam, and also to connect the rafters of different roof slopes with a galvanized plate.

SIP panels - stands for structural insulating panel, is a building material consisting of two panels of plinth (or other material) at the edges and insulation between them. The material from which the boards are made and the insulation are glued together using glue under a certain pressure.

SIP panels as a building material were invented in the USA in the 30s of the 20th century, by American engineers, in order to minimize the cost of heating and insulation of buildings, as well as reduce the cost of construction. This simple development was appreciated by manufacturers. building materials and the panels began to be mass produced and modified. Nowadays, the technology for the production of sip panels and the construction of houses from sip panels has been brought to perfection and at the same time does not cease to be improved and developed.

This technology is firmly established in Canada, where the issue of insulation and energy saving is especially relevant, and is widely used to this day. Therefore, in the world, the technology of building houses from sip panels is known as Canadian construction technology. This technology is especially common in places with harsh climatic conditions, where most of There are low temperatures throughout the year, which makes it difficult to build houses from common materials.

Types of SIP panels

SIP technology is constantly being refined and evolving to suit certain construction conditions, and to be more precise, the combinations of materials of the main slab and insulation change, but the principle of forming the slab itself remains the same - two slabs and insulation between them.

Depending on the purpose, sip panels are manufactured separately for ceiling installation, sip panels for wall installation, sip panels for construction of internal partitions of a building and roof. However, they differ in thickness, weight and size.

Sip panel made of OSB and polystyrene foam

OSB– means oriented strand board, consists of compressed and glued wood chips.

This is the most common type of SIP panels; it consists of a bundle of OSB boards and polystyrene foam as insulation. Such a sip-slab has maximum strength and high functional qualities. Due to its light weight, it is easy to install, high quality and lasts a long time. It is mainly used for the construction of residential buildings and outbuildings.

Sip panel made of OSB and polyurethane foam

This type of sip panel consists of a combination of OSB boards and insulation – polyurethane foam. They are used both for the construction of residential buildings and industrial buildings and their elements

Polyurethane foam is a synthetic substance with a cellular structure and is a hardened polymer foam.

Properties of sip panels made of polyurethane foam:

– does not burn or melt when exposed to high temperatures, which create extreme conditions for the material, polyurethane foam is converted into a liquid mass and drains without ignition

– the thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam sip panels is 2 times better than that of polystyrene foam sip panels

– prevents rodents and insects

– due to the closed cellular structure, it does not absorb moisture, that is, it is completely moisture resistant

– environmentally friendly for humans, does not produce fumes harmful to health

– durable, the manufacturer gives a guarantee of 50 years of material service

– not much, but more expensive than a sip panel made of OSB and expanded polystyrene

Sip panels made of OSB and mineral wool

This type of sip panel is built on the same sandwich principle, only polystyrene foam is replaced mineral wool, which acts as insulation. This version of the sandwich panel has both positive and negative sides. The positive aspects are that mineral wool is vapor-permeable and is a breathable material that also perfectly retains heat indoors, unlike expanded polystyrene, which is completely vapor-proof.

Negative aspects of sip panels made of OSB and mineral wool:

– due to the specific fleecy structure of mineral wool and the strength of the connection between the OSB board and mineral wool is questionable, that is, the insulation shrinks and settles over time at the base of the board;

– due to the weak rigidity of mineral wool, the sip panel design itself does not have acceptable strength properties

This is a standard sip panel design with mineral wool and was created and used in the Russian Federation.

Fragment of a sip panel with mineral wool

The technology has the right to life, since it makes sense to preserve the properties of expanded polystyrene without losing the breathable effect of mineral wool, therefore this type of sip panel is being finalized and used in construction; the above disadvantages are eliminated by changes in the composition and coating of the components of the slab.

One example is the already widely used sip panel, where mineral wool is also used as insulation, and magnetized slabs are used as slabs.

SML sip panels

Properties of SML SIP panels:

Mineral wool already has a more dense structure, and can be compacted through combination with other more durable insulation materials, but is already less breathable, but still vapor permeable:

Absolutely non-flammable

– moisture resistance, when in water for up to 100 days, the properties and characteristics of the material remain unchanged, this became known as a result of testing;

– environmental safety, also low weight;

– sound insulation is better than that of a standard sip panel with polystyrene foam;

– the gluing area of ​​the insulation layer and the board inside the structure is 100%, in comparison with a standard OSB board where the gluing area is up to a maximum of 35%.

– such walls do not need additional finishing, such as plaster or drywall. You can work directly with the surface of the panel;

– most manufacturers install cable channels in the designs of SML SIP panels;

– aesthetic appearance LSU panels, they white and create the external impression of a stone house.

The properties of an already modified sip panel, where mineral wool is used as insulation, were described above. When choosing a material for construction, you should distinguish between a regular sip panel with mineral wool and modified modifications, so that in the future you will not encounter negative qualities of the panel.

Sip panel made of fiberboard and polyurethane foam

This building material is a fairly new product on the building materials market. This sandwich panel consists of two fiberboard boards and polyurethane foam (PPU) as insulation between them. The properties of such a board combine all the advantages of fiberboard and polyurethane foam, we present them below:

House made of fiberboard sip panels

Characteristics of fiberboard:

– consists of 60% wood chips, approximately 39.7% grade 500 Portland cement and low-concentration sodium silicate binder, the so-called liquid glass by about 0.3%. Fiberboard is also called improved wood

– fire-resistant, does not burn, unlike OSB

Fiberboard boards

– practical for interior decoration, because due to the rough surface it has good adhesion, i.e. adheres well to interior materials such as putty and others. Lightweight, which facilitates the installation of slabs and, accordingly, reduces construction time

– easy to process and work; when working with fiberboard, the same tools are used as when working with wood; it drills and saws well.

– a fairly fragile material, susceptible to mechanical damage when dropped, it splits, in principle, like most artificial materials

Sip panel made of fiberboard and polyurethane foam in a wall section

– moisture resistance, there are two sides of the coin: in interior decoration, fiberboard should be used in rooms where the humidity is approximately 70%, which is higher than normal. However, due to its porosity, which on the one hand has its advantages, the fiberboard board absorbs moisture well, which, if it freezes inside, will destroy the board. Therefore, construction from fiberboard SIP panels should only be done in dry conditions, in the warmest and driest time of year. This drawback can be eliminated by external finishing of the facade; if the protective finishing is carried out on time, then the low moisture resistance of the material will not make itself felt

– slabs are made in different sizes, lengths and thicknesses

Fibrolite has been actively used in the European Union for more than 70 years.

The second component of a fiberboard sip panel is polyurethane foam, or PPU for short, used as insulation.

Properties of polyurethane foam:

– obtained by mixing a polyol and a polyisocyanate. The frozen foam mixture contains up to 90% gas, which ensures cellularity and creates high thermal insulation properties

– can be either soft and elastic, popularly called paralon, or densely hard but does not lose its elasticity, which is used for the production of vulture panels

– very low thermal conductivity coefficient, in comparison with a brick wall 1 meter thick, polyurethane foam performs the same function with only 30 mm of its thickness

Even log houses are insulated with polyurethane foam

– strong moisture resistance, not subject to structural changes as a result of temperature changes

– chemical strength

– not susceptible to rotting and eating by rodents, the spread of mold and mildew,

– environmentally friendly material, absolutely non-toxic

Polyurethane foam is enough new material and is rapidly gaining popularity around the world; it is used in the automotive, aviation, and furniture industries. Very good insulation which is already used in the construction of high-tech energy-efficient buildings.

Sip panels made of fiberboard and polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam in sip panels is used not only in combination with fiberboard, but also with OSB and other panel materials.

Sip panels made of fiberboard and polyurethane foam are used in the construction of bathhouses, garages, extensions and gazebos, walls, load-bearing structures in houses.

Pros and cons of houses made of sip panels (why they build from sip panels)

Above we looked at the most effective and popular options for sip panels and the materials from which they are made. But the main thing is how the house itself, built from vulture panels, manifests itself during operation. What disadvantages and advantages does it have for the homeowner and what surprises can it present to the owner.

Advantages of houses made of sip panels

– huge energy savings, in comparison with all types of building materials from which houses are built. This is one of the biggest advantages of Canadian technology.

Sip panel does not light up

– high heat savings, sovereignty can be called the first big plus. As proven by time and the operation of vulture houses, at low temperatures in winter time year, the temperature inside such a house is 3-5 degrees Celsius per day. Taking into account such thermal efficiency in the house, you can safely use electrical system heating

– creates a thermal effect inside the house, in the summer it maintains a cool microclimate in the room, thus you can use split systems and air conditioners less often, which again results in savings on electricity consumption, albeit insignificant

– properties of the material, namely its lightness, ease of processing and installation allows for short terms build a house

– thanks to a small total weight at home, that is, there is no need to build a massive and expensive foundation for such a house. Houses made from sip panels can be built on shallow strip, pile or column foundations, otherwise this again saves your money

– the flammability is lower than that of wood; the materials of the slab are treated with special solutions that prevent the slab from catching fire. Sip - a stove made in accordance with all state standards, with the observance of technologies like in Canada, it is not possible to set fire even intentionally, all the talk about the lightning-fast ignition of the material is rather from the field of anti-PR

– houses made of sip panels are earthquake-resistant and resistant to hurricanes and strong winds, well suited for construction on unstable and problematic soils

tests confirmed that a house made of sip panels is earthquake resistant

– not subject to shrinkage, with the rare exception of extreme soils, therefore the façade can be finished and the roof can be completed immediately after installation of the house

– due to the small thickness of the walls, in comparison with the same brick, the internal area of ​​the house increases

– low cost of construction compared to the use of other building materials

Disadvantages of houses made of sip panels

– Sip-Houses still have fairly good flammability, although the materials are impregnated with special compounds, but they do not provide one hundred percent protection from high temperatures and complete protection from fire. However, the flammability of sip panels is much less compared to wood. If you properly install wiring and sockets, avoid overloading electrical networks, that is, follow basic fire safety rules, some flammability of sip panels will not make itself felt

– thermal effect sip – on the one hand, this is an advantage of the house, but on the other hand, it is a disadvantage, which is that it is necessary to build additional ventilation; ordinary ventilation of a frame or brick house will not work here. And insufficient ventilation naturally leads to the formation of mold, condensation, and simply a lack of oxygen

Inside a house made of sip panels

– the walls of the house do not accumulate heat, only the air heats up. When doors and windows are opened for a short time, the room cools down very quickly. Compared to a stone house, which takes a long time to warm up, but accumulates heat and does not cool down so quickly. This disadvantage can be minimized by using heat-intensive materials in the interior decoration of walls and floors and still monitor the windows

A conscientious manufacturer impregnates the sip panel with water-repellent agents

– the facade of a house made of sip panels cannot be left for a season without external finishing and a full roof, this will inevitably lead to the accumulation of moisture and dampness in the walls with a further loss of strength of the materials and rotting. Therefore, when building a house from sip panels, it is immediately necessary to plan and install the external façade finishing, otherwise all efforts and resources will be wasted

finishing the facade of a vulture house

Main mistake in the construction of vulture houses

– it is strictly prohibited to build a house from vulture panels in a constantly damp climate, as well as to use raw materials during construction. You should not start construction in damp or variable rainy seasons, because vulture slabs absorb moisture well, otherwise your house will rot before your eyes and the money will be wasted. This rule is often neglected by many SIP developers, wanting to fulfill the client’s order faster. They are ready to build even in the rain. It is advisable for the future homeowner to monitor the quality of materials at the site and the storage conditions of sip panels at the site, as well as in what weather conditions the developer installs the house!!!

If you conscientiously follow Canadian construction technology, a sip panel house will delight you with its low cost, practicality and unique properties.

house made of sip panels with finishing

It is not possible to give an unambiguous recommendation on what type of sip panels a house should be built from. When choosing this or that type of sip panel, you must proceed from the climatic conditions in which you are going to build the house and for what purposes the building will be used, what weather and static loads it will endure. The variety of modern building materials and their combination in construction already allows us to meet all the needs of the future homeowner and construct buildings in any climatic conditions.

In recent decades, new technologies have been actively penetrating many areas of human activity. One cannot help but notice them in construction. New finishing and structural materials strive to unify technological processes and facilitate human labor at all stages of construction and finishing. A striking example of this was the emergence of SIP panels.

What are SIP panels

All about sip panels. The history of the emergence of this building material goes back to the middle of the last century. It appeared in Russia two to three decades later. Canada is considered to be the country of origin of SIP panels. As a result, houses built using these slabs are called buildings using Canadian technology.

Composition (SIP) SIP panels are multilayer material or sandwich. An indivisible whole is obtained thanks to special adhesives and resins. Density is achieved through powerful pressing. At the same time, the material remains relatively elastic, capable of small deformations, and at the same time it has a fairly low specific gravity.

Let's name the composition of these panels:

• Insulation;
• OSB sheets (oriented strand board).

The manufacturer reserves the right to use a variety of materials as insulation:

• Foamed plastic (aka expanded polystyrene);
• Mineral wool;
• Fiberglass;
• Polyurethane foam.

Such a wide selection of fillers can be explained by desire:

• Give the consumer the right to choose;
• Reduce cost;
• Increase versatility;
• Reduce dependence on temperature and humidity.

OSB, in turn, consists of 4-6 layers of wood chips impregnated with resins and a solution of boric acid. Treatment with fire retardants - substances that prevent fire and direct combustion - is intended to reduce the flammability of this material to a minimum.

Table 1. Standard sizes of SIP panels

Composition of SIP panels:

The non-round thickness values ​​are explained by the standards of the OSB sheets used - 9 and 12 mm. Thus, the standard insulation thicknesses are also visible: 100, 150, 190 and 200 mm.

Sib panel for house construction

Advantages over competitors

The composition of SIP panels and the proportions of their filler made it possible to laboratory identify the main advantages of avant-garde panels. So 174 mm sandwiches are equally capable of retaining heat equally with walls made of:

• Timber 520 mm thick;
• Foam concrete 600 mm thick;
• Brick 2300 mm thick;
• Concrete 4500 mm thick.

These results may seem fantastic, but the facts remain facts. At the same time, let’s name a few more remarkable properties of SIP panels:

• Good sound insulation;
• Quick installation on site;
• The assembly of buildings can be carried out at any time of the year;
• Standard sizes make it easy to transport; warehousing and storage;
• Relatively low cost(from 25 US dollars per square meter).

House made of sip panels

SIP panels in action

Such a long list of advantages of sip panels can be continued, but let’s dwell on how they behave directly in operation.

Experience shows that installation does not require high qualifications. In this case, a minimum of tools is used. The dynamic loads of this building material can be called quite impressive. So sip panels to build easily cope with a load of 2000 kg in the transverse direction and 1000 kg in the longitudinal direction.

At the same time, the reliability of internal fastenings, hooks and holes for furniture is comparable to fastening to concrete.

Low specific gravity of panels (weight of one square meter sip panels with a thickness of 174 mm is 19 kg). For comparison, we can say that a wall of the same size, but from would weigh about twenty times as much. Thus, houses from sandwich panels do not require powerful foundations even when constructing a structure of several floors.

Perhaps what can spoil the mood here is the desire to save money and the associated purchase of sip panels from an unverified seller. When it comes to building a home for yourself, saving on reliability and quality is absolutely inappropriate.

Houses made from sip panels are built in the shortest possible time

What prevents you from being perfect?

It would be naive to say that SIP panels are all about advantages. There are still “points” in them to which you will have to apply creative and scientific thought.

Thus, the construction of NIB panels provides for:

• The presence of a metal frame;
• These designs do not tolerate play;
• Poor quality filling of insulation is a prerequisite for freezing of walls.

Hidden defects in panels can provoke the accumulation of condensation, which sooner or later will lead to defects in walls or partitions.

One of the main arguments of skeptics is the flammability of the material. Meanwhile, thanks to special treatment, sip panels are seven times less prone to burning than ordinary wood. Continuing this topic, the consumer is afraid of toxic emissions from a fire. Alas, even here you can upset those who doubt. Special treatment for smallpox and chemical composition fillers prevent not only the fire of the building but also the combustion process as a whole.

By the way, we note that there are still several types of Sib panels, the use of which is recommended only for domestic buildings.

It has always been this way - the new and advanced had not only its supporters, but also its opponents. For every human step towards progress there have been and will be opponents and skeptics. At the same time, logic and experience have always been assistants in the search for truth. We hope this will be the case with SIP panels. Their advantages will be allies to those who stand for moving forward, which means the day is not far off when houses built using this innovative building material will be taken for granted, and their owners will be considered far-sighted and practical people.

SIP - panel - material for building houses using frame technology. Due to its inexpensive cost and efficiency of processes, the material is extremely in demand on the product market, but such popularity also has its downsides: careless manufacturers offer low-quality products, which is why many myths have been created around this piece material. It’s worth figuring out whether houses made from sip panels are any good, what sip elements are and how to distinguish good products from bad ones.

What is SIP

A structural insulating panel consisting of two sheets of OSB at the edges and a core of insulation is the material from which houses are built using the so-called Canadian technology. Being a finished product produced in industrial conditions, the panels are completely ready for building a house, they can be different sizes, thickness and variability of the insulating filling is allowed, which can be seen in the video material.

Bonding sheet materials is carried out using an adhesive composition, and it is necessary to comply with the technological features of gluing: any omission is fraught with a violation of the quality indicators of the finished product. That is why gluing is carried out under a pressure of 15-19 tons, which allows the material to be used not only for arranging wall structures, but also as floor slabs and roofing.

Advantages and disadvantages of the material

The advantages of the material are the following indicators:

• High thermal insulation performance. The energy saving characteristics of sip panels are noticeably superior to any other materials: brick, stone, wood.
• Light weight, which allows you to use a more economical lightweight foundation for building a house.
• The efficiency of construction processes has been proven repeatedly: the panels are large-format elements and are assembled according to the principle of a designer, without requiring the use of a binder mixture, concrete or other material.
• All-season construction: weather conditions have little effect on the properties of products and installation technologies.
• Resistance to fungal and mold organisms.
• Savings on material delivery due to the low weight of structures.
• Reduced cost of products compared to traditional materials.
• Environmental safety: high-quality sip panels do not use harmful substances.

In addition to all the advantages, panel elements have incredible mechanical strength, but they can be easily cut in any direction (this only applies to really high-quality material).

And now about the shortcomings, both imagined and real:

1. Flammability. Properly chosen insulation, such as polystyrene foam, does not burn at all if it is made from high-quality raw materials. The adhesive mixture contains antiprene additives, and all connecting beams must be treated with fire retardant impregnation - this disadvantage can be easily minimized.
2. Rodents. Neither mice nor rats eat polystyrene foam, which contains substances that repel these representatives. In addition, correct assembly makes access to the insulation inaccessible.

Important! Minimal release of phenols is easily covered by the final facade finishing, so this problem is also solved in a short time.

1. High noise threshold. Yes, sound transmission remains the only drawback, unlike sound insulation - it is ideal. Therefore, you will have to think about additional measures to prevent noise from outside from entering the house.
2. Drafts at joints appear due to incorrect assembly technology or missing seams, which must be foamed.
3. The need to organize ventilation, otherwise the house will turn into a “thermos”.

The disadvantages of the panels are compensated by their advantages and breadth of application. For example, the material can be used to build both temporary residence houses and mansions for permanent residence. In terms of their earthquake-resistant qualities, the panels far exceed any other material, and if you choose a high-quality product, then floors and even roofing can be easily constructed from the elements.

Types of sip panels

1. OSB, PPS, OSB are some of the most common European panel standards. The slab is 1.25 m wide, 2.5-2.8 m long with a thickness of cladding and insulation equal to the thickness of the panel, which is for PPS sheets: 100, 150, 200 mm, and for OSB 6-25 mm. Manufacturers most often use chipboard with a thickness of 9, 12 mm, and the dimensions of the finished products are variable and depend on the application, for example, for roofing works and floor slabs, narrower elements are produced (625, 600 mm). Subject to technology, this standard model can withstand a load of 10 tons of vertical format and 2 tons of transverse format. The weight of a panel with dimensions (mm) 2500*1250*174 is 56 kg.
2. DSP, PPS, DSP - the dimensions of this sip panel are 1.2 width and length up to 3.0 meters. Belongs to flammability class G1, weight 120 kg. Experts say that the use of these elements in construction allows you to get a house that is in no way inferior in functionality aerated concrete blocks, however, SIP panels are cheaper and more practical, and also lighter in weight. But there is a drawback - fragility. In addition, this type of product is slightly higher than standard panels.
3. SML, PPS, SML are panels that use glass-magnesium sheet, therefore, with dimensions of 1.22 * 2.44 m, the weight of the element is 68 kg. A distinctive quality is the reinforcing layers, which is why the slab has high strength indicators. Moreover, SML does not burn (class NG is assigned), it is easy to saw, is easy to hammer nails, finish and has excellent adhesion to all construction plasters. The use of “Standard” class elements for internal wall partitions is shown, but the premium class is ideal for arranging external walls. Disadvantage: exposure to aggressive environmental influences.
4. OSB, MB, OSB – panels with mineral wool as insulation have classic standard sizes, but the width of the insulation cannot be more than 150 mm, which means that the finished product cannot be thicker than 174 mm. The environmental friendliness of mineral wool has been confirmed, but the weight is much greater than that of other insulation materials. The density of the material is 115-150 kg/m3, the weight of the panel is up to 90 kg, so the material is used quite rarely for the construction of private houses. Manufacturers often replace OSB with SML, achieving exceptional fire safety of the product, but the weight will be 110 kg, and the price will skyrocket.
5. OSB, PPU, OSB - an element also having standard dimensions with a layer of insulation of 60 mm. It is difficult to call the design a sip panel, since the technology is strikingly different from the regulated one. Polyurethane foam is much stronger than polystyrene foam, but using the product in large quantities is financially expensive, so this is rather an exception to the rule, for example, if an extremely thin layer of insulation material is required or construction is carried out in regions with high humidity, which means the use of polystyrene foam is not recommended.

Characteristics of sip panels

Standard sizes, as already mentioned, are sheets whose parameters are: height 2.5 meters, width 0.62-1.5 meters. It is from the elements of these gradations that any structure is simply and quickly assembled. As for the thickness of vulture panels, variability of indicators is allowed:

• for external walls 150-200 mm;
• for internal partitions 50-70 mm;
• for roofs and ceilings 100-200 mm.

Panels for arranging external load-bearing structures are selected taking into account regional temperature indicators: the colder it is in winter, the thicker the wall should be. Research and experiments have shown that with a width of polystyrene foam of 100 mm, the resistance of the slab element to heat transfer is 2.7-2.8 W/mS, which is the norm according to SNiP. Increasing the thickness index increases the resistance number. For example, a brick wall with 400 mm of insulation (mineral wool) produces a resistance value of 2 W/mS, which is significantly lower than a standard-sized insulated element.

Products with a cross-section of 224 mm are excellent in other respects:

1. Noise insulation is 75 dB, which exceeds all known indicators of popular building materials.
2. The transverse pressure of a 1.5 m panel is 150-250 kg/meter.
3. Longitudinal pressure 8-10 tons. For example, you can imagine a three-story house made of stone, the first floor of which is made of vulture panels - the slabs can ideally withstand even such a load.
4. Energy saving. Heat loss is 0.035-0.042 W/m2. For example: a slab element with a thickness of 1664-170 mm can replace brick wall, the size of which is 2.3 m or concrete with an indicator of 4.5 m (thickness).
5. Foundation. Pile and strip construction are suitable for building a house from panels. shallow foundation, and all because the plate has a low mass.

Materials

Laminated panels are made from various materials, however, the term SIP most often means that it is:

• oriented strand board;
• plywood;
• gypsum fiber;
• drywall;
• fiberboard board.

As for insulation materials, they can also be different:

1. expanded polystyrene;
2. fiberglass;
3. polyurethane foam;
4. mineral wool.

The most common type is expanded polystyrene, which has the following advantages:

Having understood what a SIP panel is, having understood the dimensions of SIP panels, it is worth taking into account some practical advice to select high quality products:

1. Although the overall dimensions differ, this material is made using OSB boards from a Canadian manufacturer, and the material is significantly inferior to the characteristics of OSB-3. Let us remind you that the standard sizes of OSB sheets are 2500*2800-3000*1250mm.
2. A visual inspection revealed peeling of chips or looseness of the structure - the sheet is unsuitable.
3. The size of the sip panel differs in the thickness of the insulation; request certificates of conformity, otherwise such a deviation from the standard may indicate that the manufacturer is saving money on insulation material.
4. The piece of polystyrene foam must be set on fire; it should burn out no longer than 4 seconds after exposure to an open flame. If it is less, the insulated insulation in the panels of this manufacturer is a flammable material and for the construction of houses it is better to refuse such material.
5. The pungent smell of burning insulation or stove is a reason to be wary, since GOST does not allow the inclusion of harmful substances released during combustion in the raw materials.

And, most importantly, good material can't be suspiciously cheap. Having a good understanding of the types of vulture panels, understanding what they are and what products are needed for construction, it will not be difficult to buy really high-quality and practical material.

Panels made of rigid sheathing sheets with insulation enclosed between them are a material that has made construction much faster and cheaper.

American engineer and designer Frank Lloyd Wright, wanting to implement a building project with minimal costs for heating, lighting and air conditioning, invented a composite panel with a honeycomb filler in the 30s of the last century. Wright's panels had disadvantages, but were light, cheap and safe. American manufacturers of building materials picked up the idea, the technology for their creation was simplified, and the panels began to be mass produced.

Materials for making panels

SIP is a structural insulating panel used in the construction of frame structures. Its middle layer is insulation, the outer layer is . The panels can easily withstand loads and provide reliable thermal insulation. Today, SIP technology is used for the construction of residential and commercial buildings all over the world. More than 80% of residential buildings in the USA, Canada and Europe are built using SIP panels.

Laminated panels are made from different materials (steel, aluminum, asbestos-cement sheets), but the term SIP most often means that wood materials are used for the outer layers:

• oriented strand board;
• gypsum fiber sheet;
• plasterboard sheet;
• Green Board - .

Thermal insulation is provided by foam plastics:

• mineral basalt wool;
• polyurethane foam;
• phenol-formaldehyde foam;
• expanded polystyrene.

The ideal geometry of the panels is fixed by the middle layer; it promotes rigid fixation of the lining parts, strengthening the entire product.

Table: sizes, thickness and average cost

Size, mm	Thickness, mm	Price per panel, rub

Advantages of using SIP panels in construction

Seismic resistance. Buildings constructed from SIP panels have undergone repeated testing. Their seismic resistance was tested using equipment capable of simulating earthquakes of varying strengths.

Disadvantages of the material

The downside of SIP panels is considered to be the flammability of the materials from which they are made and their environmental hazards. Manufacturers with authority in the market and providing their products with quality certificates offer environmentally friendly SIP panels treated with fire retardants. The release of toxic substances from such material does not exceed sanitary standards accepted throughout the world.

Despite the skepticism of supporters of traditional Russian building materials, experts predict that SIP technology will become widespread due to increasing consumer confidence.

Watch the Discovery Channel video about SIP panels: