How candy names appear? The most delicious candies in Russia Candies with nuts name

What is it?

The word “candy” itself came into Russian from Italian, where confetto means “pill, candy.” It was originally used by Italian pharmacists to name candied fruit pieces sold as medicines. The plural form - "candy" - appeared somewhat later in the 19th century, when Italian carnivals became popular, in which participants threw confetti - fake candies made of plaster of Paris - at each other.

Today, candy refers to sweet confectionery products that vary in shape, appearance, taste and structure.

What are they?

The modern assortment of sweets is so large that confectioners have come up with many classifications. We are interested in what types of candies we can buy in the store, the names of which may differ subtly from one to another. different manufacturers. The most popular and in demand by Russian buyers are:

Caramel. Consists of molasses and sugar.
Lollipops. One of the easiest confections to make, it is obtained by boiling molasses, sugar or corn syrup. The resulting composition is flavored and poured into special forms. The name of the candies is listed below.

Candy on a stick;

Lollipops in paper wrapper;

Soft candies – monpassier;

Liquorice or salty candies;

An elongated or oblong-shaped candy. The names and photos of such “pencils” and “sticks” are presented below.

Soufflé, for example, “Bird's milk”, which can also be called “Wonderful bird”, “Bogorodskaya bird”, “Zimolyubka” and others;

A roast made from crushed nuts drenched in sugar, fruit or honey syrup. These are such candies as “Grillage in chocolate”, “Grillage fairy tale”, “Strawberry grillage” and others;

Pralines are chocolate candies filled with nuts ground with sugar and cocoa mixed with cognac or some other flavoring: “Bud”, “Babaevskie”, “Shokonatka”, “Juliet”;

Liqueur candies contain inside a filling of liqueur or sugar syrup with cognac: “Cream liqueur”, “Liquor in chocolate”, “Blue velvet”;

In candies with jelly filling, under a layer of chocolate there is a thick berry or fruit jelly: “Lel”, “Southern Night”, “Lebedushka”, “Zaliv” and others;

- “Fudge” or candies with fondant filling made from milk, molasses, cream, sugar, fruit fillings and other components: “Miya”, “Rakhat”, “Spanish Night” and others;

Truffles are elite round-shaped chocolates filled with a special French cream - ganache. It is made from butter, cream, chocolate and various flavorings. The outer surface may be coated with crushed or ground nuts, wafer crumbs or cocoa powder.

Chocolate stories

Chocolate candies, beloved by many, appeared thanks to the famous navigator Hernando Cortez, who discovered the American continent. It was he and his associates who brought cocoa beans to Europe and introduced Europeans to chocolate. Monk Benzoni contributed to the fact that the Spanish monarch, and after him his courtiers, began to regularly consume chocolates to maintain health. Subsequently, the fashion for chocolates spread to other countries, where influential people used them as medicine. Until the 17th century, only confectioners in Spain made chocolate and sweets from it, and sent sweets to many royal courts. Over time, the secret of making chocolate sweets became known to other countries, but until the end of the 17th century they were made only by hand.

How did sweets appear in Russia?

The first confectionery factory to produce chocolates was opened at the end of the 17th century by the French pastry chef David Shelley. Until the 19th century, Russia did not have its own candy production, and the delicacy was brought from abroad, or was prepared by special cooks in the kitchens of wealthy nobles. The first Russian confectionery factory was opened in St. Petersburg only in the middle of the 19th century.

What were the candies called before?

As already mentioned, until the 19th century, sweets were either imported into our country from abroad or produced at home in the estates and palaces of nobles. For sweets made at home, the names were given descriptively, taking into account the shape, method of preparation, size, and the fruits and fruits used. The book “The New Perfect Russian Confectioner, or a Detailed Confectionery Dictionary”, published at the end of the 18th century in St. Petersburg, gives such funny names for sweets as Strawberry scones and Green Apricots in caramel, Jasmine lollipops and Aniseed sugar snacks, Cherry marzipans and Apricots in lollipops.

Industrial names

The opening of the first Russian confectionery factory led to the emergence of many different types of sweets at the beginning of the 20th century. At first they prevailed french recipes and the names of sweets, the list of which was not very long:

"Baton de Gralier";
"Finchampagne";
"Creme de Risien";
"Boule de gom";
"Creme de noison";
"Maron Praline" and others.

Over time, the French name for chocolates began to be translated into Russian, and “Creamy Venus”, “Cat’s Tongue”, “Girl’s Skin”, “Salon” appeared on sale, designed in accordance with Russian grammar. However, in some cases, bilingual names of candies were also used, for example, “Studded with pearls, or Coriandor perle.” Russian confectioners called the new sweets they created themselves in Russian and often used names associated with images of the fair sex: “Sophie”, “Marianna”, “Merry Widow”, “Fisherman”, “Marsala”. Educational series were also produced, for example “The Riddle”. On the candy wrapper of such sweets there was a simple riddle. Before the revolutionary events of 1917, chocolate series “Sport”, “Geographical Atlas”, “Peoples of Siberia” and others were produced.

Until the October Revolution of 1917, you could buy Tsar Raspberry or Tsar Fyodor Mikhailovich caramel. After him, the names of the candies changed dramatically. Caramels “Krestyanskaya” and “Krasnoarmeyskaya”, “Sickle and Hammer” and “Our Industry” appeared on sale.
However, most chocolates retain their French names: “Dernier Cree”, “Miniature”, “Chartreuse”, “Bergamot”, “Pepperment” and others. Such neutral names as “Squirrels”, “Tomboys” and “Bunnies” did not undergo ideological rethinking. Soviet names for new candies reflected current events and achievements. So in the 30s of the last century they produced: “Fight for Technology”, “Be Prepared”, “Sabantuy”, “Milkmaid”, “Chelyuskinites”, “Heroes of the Arctic”, “Conqueror of the Ice”.

Man's conquest of space in the 60s of the 20th century was reflected in the appearance of the “Space” and “Cosmos” candies.
Around the same time, it became popular to include the names of fairy-tale and literary characters in the names of chocolates: “Snow Maiden”, “La Bayadère”, “Blue Bird”, “Sadko”, “Little Red Riding Hood” and others.

The range of chocolate in the USSR was truly enormous. From all the variety, one could choose products to suit every taste and material income; not a single holiday, and not just children’s, could do without this delicacy. During the Soviet era, chocolate candies were used to decorate Christmas trees. New Year. The treasured chocolate bar Soviet times put in any gift. Do you know everything about this sweet product? For example, do you know the name of the chocolate manufacturer “Alenka” in the USSR, and how did chocolate production appear in Russia in the first place?

It seems to us now that chocolate has always been around. Well, it’s impossible to imagine that there was once no chocolate candy in this world. Meanwhile, the first chocolate bar appeared only in 1899 in Switzerland. In Russia, confectionery production until the beginning of the 19th century was, for the most part, artisanal. Foreigners were also actively exploring the Russian confectionery market. The history of the appearance of chocolate in Russia began in 1850, when Ferdinand von Einem, who came from Württenberg, Germany, to Moscow, opened a small workshop on Arbat for the production of chocolate products, including sweets.

In 1867, Einem and his partner Geis built a building on the Sofia embankment new factory. According to information from the history of chocolate in Russia, this factory was one of the first to be equipped with a steam engine, which allowed the company to quickly become one of the largest manufacturers of confectionery products in the country.

After the revolution of 1917, all confectionery factories passed into the hands of the state - in November 1918, the Council of People's Commissars issued a decree on the nationalization of the confectionery industry. Naturally, the change of owners entailed a change of names. The Abrikosov factory was named after the worker Pyotr Akimovich Babaev, chairman of the Sokolniki District Executive Committee of Moscow. The Einem company became known as Red October, and the former factory of the Lenov merchants was renamed Rot Front. True, the ideas of Marx and Lenin, the revolutionary spirit and new names could not in any way influence the technology of confectionery production. Both under the old and under new government sugar was needed to produce sweets, and cocoa beans were needed to make chocolate. And there were serious problems with this. "Sugar" regions of the country for a long time were under the rule of the whites, and the currency and gold, for which it was possible to buy overseas raw materials, were used to purchase bread. Only by the mid-20s was confectionery production more or less revived. The NEP helped this; entrepreneurial spirit and the growing well-being of city residents made it possible to quickly increase the production of caramel, sweets, cookies, and cakes. The planned economy that replaced the NEP left its mark on the confectionery industry. Since 1928, the production of sweets was strictly regulated, each factory was transferred to its own, separate species products. In Moscow, for example, caramel was produced by the Babaev factory. The producer of chocolate in the USSR was the Red October factory, and the producer of cookies was Bolshevik.

During the war, many confectionery factories were evacuated from the European part of the country to the rear. Confectioners continued to work, producing, among other things, strategically important products. The “emergency supply” set necessarily included a chocolate bar, which saved the lives of more than one pilot or sailor.

After the reparation war, equipment from German confectionery enterprises arrived from Germany to the USSR, which allowed short terms establish the production of chocolate products. Chocolate production grew every year. For example, in 1946, the Babaev chocolate manufacturing company in the USSR processed 500 tons of cocoa beans, in 1950 - 2000 tons, and by the end of the 60s - 9000 tons annually. This impressive growth in production was indirectly facilitated by foreign policy. For many years, the Soviet Union supported various regimes in many countries of the world, including African ones. The main thing for these regimes was to swear allegiance to communist ideals, and then assistance in the form of weapons, technology, and equipment was provided. This support was practically free of charge; the only thing Africans could somehow pay back to the USSR with was raw materials and products agriculture. That is why confectionery factories were uninterruptedly supplied with raw materials from distant African expanses.

In those years, there was no competition between chocolate producers in the Soviet Union, in the traditional sense. Confectioners could compete for awards and titles, for example, “best in the industry,” for awards at exhibitions, for the love, in the end, of consumers, but not for their wallets. Very careless and “tasteless” manufacturers could have problems with the sale of candies and other sweet products. But also a shortage, at least in major cities, there wasn't. Of course, from time to time the names of candies in the USSR, such as “Belochka”, “Mishka in the North” or “Karakum” disappeared from the shelves, and “Bird's Milk” rarely appeared on them, but usually Muscovites, Kyivians or Kharkovites could buy, even Not every store has its own favorite delicacies. The exception was pre-holiday days. Every pre-New Year children's theater performance or matinee ended with the distribution of sweet sets, which is why the most popular varieties of candy disappeared from store shelves at that time. Before March 8, it was difficult to find sweets in boxes, which, together with a bouquet of flowers, made up a “universal” gift for the holiday that did not require serious thought from men.

What kind of Soviet-era chocolate and candies were there in the USSR, what were they called (with photo)

The main producers of sweets in the USSR were the factories “Red October”, “Rot Front”, “Babaevskaya” and “Bolshevik”, which were located in the capital of the Soviet Union - Moscow. It was they who set the tone for other factories, both in the quality and design of sweet products.

“Red October” is the former confectionery factory “Einem” (named after its founder, the German Ferdinand von Einem). After the October Revolution of 1917, the factory was nationalized and renamed. And it continued its “sweet” history in new, socialist conditions, producing mainly chocolate and candies. What sweets were especially popular in the USSR? Of course, “Teddy Bear” (appeared in 1925), “Southern Night” (1927), “Fudge” (1928), “Kitty-Kitty” toffee (1928), “Stratosphere” (1936), “Soufflé” (1936), etc.

In 1935, A. Ptushko’s film “The New Gulliver” was released, which was a huge success among children. After this, “Gulliver” candies appeared on the shelves of Soviet stores - waffles covered with real chocolate icing. These were expensive candies, so when they became popular, their cheap counterpart appeared - Zhuravlik candies, where the same wafer was covered with soy chocolate. The price is more affordable - 20 kopecks per piece.

What was the name of the chocolate produced by this manufacturer in the USSR? Among the chocolate products of “Red October”, the “oldest” brand was “Golden Label” (1926). But Gvardeysky chocolate appeared during the war.

Here you can see photos of Soviet chocolate from various factories:

Chocolate "Cola" in the USSR and other chocolate products

In the twenties of the last century, “Red October” produced exclusively chocolate, and one brand, “Cola,” was intended for pilots. And after the war, the production of sweets was resumed.

During the Soviet era, such candies as “Bear in the North”, “Bird Bear”, “Red Poppy”, “Tuzik”, “Come on, take it away!”, “Karakum”, “Bird’s milk” and, of course, “ Squirrel,” were the dolce vita of the Soviet man, the quintessence of a gourmand’s chocolate happiness, the quasi-unofantasy of confectionery craftsmanship, the sweet symbols of the era... “The taste of our childhood” - these words begin almost every second television or newspaper report telling about chocolate products or the work of confectionery factories. This phrase has long since become a well-worn cliche from frequent use.

In addition to “Alenka”, there were other names of chocolate in the USSR: “Dorozhny” (1 ruble 10 kopecks), “Jolly Fellows” (25 kopecks), “Slava” (porous), “Firebird”, “Theatrical”, “ Circus", "Lux", "Pushkin's Tales", etc.

Look at photos of chocolate in the USSR and other Soviet-era chocolate products:

What is the name of the chocolate manufacturer "Alenka" in the USSR?

This section of the article is devoted to the name of the Alenka chocolate company in the USSR, and what other products were produced at this factory.

Since the second half of the 60s, the most recognizable product of Red October in the USSR has been Alenka chocolate (1 ruble 10 kopecks for a large bar and 20 kopecks for a small, 15-gram bar). And it arose under Brezhnev, although the idea was born when N. Khrushchev was the leader of the country. At the Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee in February 1964, there was a call on Soviet confectioners to come up with cheap chocolate for children. This idea was put into practice at the Red October confectionery factory for two years, until finally the Alenka milk chocolate saw the light of day. The label showed a picture of a little girl wearing a headscarf. The producers of Alenka chocolate in the USSR found this portrait on the cover of Health magazine for 1962: 8-month-old Lenochka Gerinas was photographed there (the photo was taken by her father Alexander). In 1964, Red October decided that the new Alenka chocolate needed an original wrapper with a corporate portrait. At first, the Alenka chocolate company in the USSR produced this delicacy with different images. There was an idea to use Vasnetsov’s “Alyonushka” for decoration, but the artist’s work was “overtaken” by the portrait of Elena Gerinas.

Among other products of this chocolate manufacturer in the USSR, in addition to “Alenka”, there were “Pushkin’s Tales”, “Navy”, “Slava” and many others.

Look at the photo of Soviet-era candies produced by the Red October factory:

These are “Cancer necks”, “Little Red Riding Hood”, “Kara-kum”, “Truffles”, “Deer”, “Souffle”, “Tretyakov Gallery”, “Temptation”, “Fairy Tale”, “Come on, take it away”, “Snowball”, “World”, “Humpbacked Horse”, “Zest”, “Evening”, “Chernomorochka”, “Cow”, iris “Golden Key”, etc.

Chocolate manufacturer in the USSR - Babaevskaya factory

The main competitor of Red October was the confectionery factory named after P. Babaev (“Babaevskaya”). Before the revolution, it was an enterprise of the Abrikosov merchants, but after nationalization in 1918, the prominent Bolshevik Pyotr Babaev became its leader. True, he did not lead for long - only two years (he died at 37 from tuberculosis), but his name was immortalized in the new name of the factory.

Before the war, it specialized in the production of monpensier, toffee and caramel. And immediately after the war, they began producing chocolate products, and very soon chocolate became the main brand of this factory. Among its most popular products in the USSR were such chocolate names as “Inspiration” (elite chocolate), “Babaevsky”, “Osobyi”, “Gvardeysky”, “Lux”.

Here you can see a photo of Soviet-era chocolate produced by the Babaevskaya factory:

Chocolate and other sweets from the times of the USSR (with photos)

Among the candies were such as “Squirrel”, “Bear in the North”, “Shuttle”, “Golden Niva”, “Orange Aroma”, “Pilot”, “Spring”, “Burevestnik”, “Sea”, “Romashka”, “Truffles” and others; in boxes – “Squirrel”, “Visit”, “Evening Aroma”, “Sweet Dreams”, etc.

“Rot Front” produced the following brands of candy: “Moscow”, “Kremlevskie”, “Rot Front” (bars), “Little Red Riding Hood”, “Grilyazh in Chocolate”, “Zolotaya Niva”, “Caravan”, “Autumn Waltz”, “Lemon” (caramel), “Peanuts in chocolate”, “Raisins in chocolate”, etc.

The Bolshevik factory was popular for its cookies: oatmeal and “Yubileiny”.

In Leningrad there was a confectionery factory named after N.K. Krupskaya, which was opened in 1938. Its trademark (or brand today) for a long time was the “Mishka in the North” candies, which appeared on the shelves of Soviet stores even before the war - in 1939. This factory produced both chocolate and candies, among which the Firebird candies (praline and cream) were very popular.

Like chocolate in the USSR, sweets were divided into cheap and expensive. The first included various types of caramels, the second - chocolate products. The overwhelming majority of Soviet children most often indulged in “caramels,” and various kinds of chocolate “sweets” passed through their hands a little less often due to their relative high cost. Naturally, chocolate sweets have always been valued much higher among children than caramel sweets. In those distant years (60-70s), the most popular caramels were “Crow’s feet”, “Crawfish necks” (both with coffee fillings), sour “Snowball”, milk toffee “Korovka”. True, the latter was a little expensive for regular use - 2 rubles 50 kopecks per kilogram, since it was made from whole condensed milk and butter.

Much more affordable were “Duchess” caramel, the same “Barberry”, “Petushki” on a stick (5 kopecks apiece), as well as “Kis-kis” and “Golden Key” toffees, which were also cheap - 5–7 kopecks for 100 grams. Unlike Montpensier caramels in a metal box, they were in short supply. Like another caramel - “Vzlyotnaya”, which almost never went on sale and was distributed to passengers traveling by air in order to relieve their attacks of nausea.

Among the expensive sweets are “Kara-kum” and “Belochka” (chocolate, with grated nuts inside), “Bird's milk” (delicate soufflé in chocolate), “Grilyazh”, “Koltsov’s Songs”, “To the Stars”. The latter could be sold both by weight and in boxes - 25 rubles per box.

What other candies were there: “Arctic”, “Toys” (caramel), “Caravan”, “Strawberries with cream”, “Little Red Riding Hood”, “Come on, take it away”, “Night”, “Snowball” (caramel), “Terem-Teremok”, “Southern liqueur” (caramel), “Zoological”, “School”, “Zolotaya Niva”, “Milk bar”, “Pineapple”.

As you can see in the photo, chocolate candies in the USSR “with white filling” could perhaps be separated into a separate class:

There were more expensive candies - “Pilot” (the candy wrapper was so interesting, the paper had blue and white stripes, with foil in the middle), “Citron” (the filling was white and yellow, with lemon flavor, the candy wrapper was wrapped only on one side), “Swallow”. Waffle ones are cheaper - “Our Brand”, “Clubfooted Bear”, “Tuzik”, “Spartak”, “Pineapple”, “Fakel”. “Fakel” was sold by weight, without candy wrappers. He held out until the last. When the country ran out of chocolate, they started making “Torch” from soy chocolate.

During the perestroika years, the confectionery industry, like the entire economy, experienced problems. But in general, confectioners survived the collapse of the Union and the transition from plan to market quite painlessly. Some people thank for this the old traditions laid down in Soviet times, others believe that the growth in the production of sweet products was facilitated by foreign capital that came to the domestic market. Probably both are right. But most importantly, sweets, cookies and chocolate are always delicious.

Still, mostly sweet products are aimed at children, and children are more interested in looking at candy wrappers with images of animals and birds than with historical subjects (for which Abrikosov’s candy wrappers were also famous).

There is an intuitive design for candy packaging. For example, caramel “Limonchiki” (confectionery factory “Rot-Front”) resembles the fruit of the same name in shape, color and intensity; it contains a citrus preserve and a flavoring identical to natural “Lemon”. Logical name, yellow candy wrapper with green letters (yellow and green colors, combined together, evoke associations with sour taste).

Caramel “Snowball” from the same manufacturer – white, crunches in your teeth, wrapper in white and blue “frosty” tones with painted snowflakes. Or caramel “Dream”, also from the Rot-Front. Of course, “dream” is an abstract concept, but it is clear that the creator of the name is simply not saying enough, but wanted to say: “Not candy, but a dream!” The image of a dream candy is successfully complemented by a pink and white “girly” candy wrapper. Among chocolate candies, one can remember “Golden Domes”, dome-shaped candies in gold foil.

But, alas, “Truffle” candies are also made in the shape of a dome (or mushroom), while the first real French truffle candies from a creamy “ganache” mass, consisting of chocolate and cream, were made in the shape of a not ideal ball - and so named precisely because of their external resemblance to the most expensive mushroom - the truffle, which for a long time was considered a dish available only to very rich people. The cap of the truffle mushroom is not at all similar to the cap of our Truffle candies!

The emergence of a number of strange and sometimes simply curious names for candies resulted from the adoption of amendments to the trademark law in 2008, as a result of which the right to use the “old” names remained only with the capital’s United Confectioners holding company. All other candy manufacturers had to either buy out licenses from the United Confectioners, or stop producing “Soviet” confectionery products, or rename them. You can read about this in the article “Naming in Russian”.

And now “Uralkonditer” produces “Umelochka” candies in the familiar “Belochka” candy wrapper.

The Kazan factory "Zarya" renames "Bird's milk" to "Bird-warbler-warbler". JSC "Primorsky Confectioner" now produces "Vasyok" sweets instead of "Vasilyok" sweets, and "Krasny Mag" instead of "Red Poppy". And “Bear Clubfoot”, performed by the Novosibirsk confectionery factory “Lyubava”, turned into candies “Brother has arrived from the North”, and on a wrapper created at one time for “Einem” by industrial artist Emmanuil Manuylov based on Ivan Shishkin’s painting “Morning in a Pine Forest” , next to the brown bears there is now a white bear...

Moreover, the “United Confectioners” apparently also divided the “old names” among themselves, otherwise it is difficult to explain why “Cockerel - the Golden Comb” “remained” with “Red October”, and the “Babaevsky” concern (Penza Confectionery Factory) produces candies of a similar recipe with the frightening pseudo-folklore name “Cockerel - Butter Head”.

The confectionery factory “AtAg” (IP Yu. A. Atomyan) (Sheksna, Vologda region) amazes with the variety of candy packaging and the unbridled imagination of the authors of their names. For example, this company produces candies in chocolate glaze with a creamy filling with the addition of halva and sunflower seeds in a cute pale yellow and brown wrapper with sunflowers on it. And these candies are called “Light of the Soul”! The name personally gives me an ambivalent feeling. On the one hand, it is sunny, of course. On the other hand, it seems to me that it should be avoided in the names of food products, i.e. objects of potential internal use, words such as “soul”, “God”, “Universe”, etc.

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Introduction

We all, young and old, love candy, everyone has a favorite variety. The first sweets appeared a long time ago, and since then they have only become tastier.

The word “candy” itself came into Russian from the Latin language, which meant “prepared drug”. Pharmacists were the first to use it in the 16th century for medicinal purposes. Subsequently, the term came to refer to a wider range of confectionery products made from different ingredients.

Rarely does a tea party go without sweets. They are a wonderful treat, add warmth and joy to any holiday, are tasty and beautiful.

When we eat candy, we throw away the candy wrappers, which, in turn, turn into garbage. Looking at the bright shiny candy wrappers, I suggested that if I used the names of the candies, I could make my Russian language lessons more interesting. My project provides examples of what learned rules can be found on candy wrappers.

Purpose of the work: Analyze the names of sweets from the point of view of the Russian language.

Tasks:

1. In order to broaden your horizons and replenish your vocabulary, get acquainted with the history of the origin of sweets.

2. Consider the names of the candies and divide them into thematic groups.

3. Parse the names of sweets according to their lexical meaning and morphological characteristics.

Hypothesis: The names of sweets, like other words in the Russian language, must have a lexical meaning and morphological characteristics.

1. The history of the appearance of sweets

From early childhood, we all fall in love with this miracle, invented by man many centuries ago. It’s hard to believe, but the first sweets appeared in Egypt more than 3 thousand years ago. During excavations, pictures and notes were found that contained information about what the sweets looked like and how they were prepared. In those days, sugar was unknown to people, so honey was consumed as a sweet. And the main component of sweets in Egypt were dates. This is how the world's first candies were accidentally mixed together with dates, nuts and honey.

They also learned how to make candy in Ancient Rus'; they were made from maple syrup, molasses and honey. Many people know lollipops, but few people thought about the origin of these legendary sweets. The birthplace of candy was precisely Ancient Rus'. In Russia, candy has been around for over 500 years. We can assume that they were the very first sweets in our country. The first Russian confectioners made lollipops from molasses and honey, and they were intended for kings, boyars and nobles. Our first confectionery factory appeared in the 19th century. Today, sweets from the Red October, Rot-Front, and the factory named after. Babaeva, "Korkunov". In our city, candy is produced by the Yuzhuralkonditer factory.

Currently, there are many types of candies, here are some of them: caramel, toffee, chocolate, truffles, pralines, etc.

This is how long the journey is and how many different delicacies were invented before the candy acquired its familiar shape in a beautiful wrapper.

2. Candy wrapper

Wrapper - a candy wrapper that is used to wrap candy.

Nowadays it is difficult to imagine candy without a candy wrapper. Candy wrappers are like clothes for people: they protect and decorate the candy. The beauty of the candy wrapper depends on the artist who created the sketch. Every year, artists come up with bright and interesting packaging for sweets.

It seems like something interesting can be found in a candy wrapper. It turns out that he can tell us a lot, for example, he can remind us of the rules of the Russian language.

3 . Subjecttic groups of names of candies

After studying the names of the candies, I came to the conclusion that they can be divided into thematic groups.

I made six thematic groups: fairy tale, animal world, plant world, natural phenomena, names of fruits, geographical names.

Below, I have drawn a diagram of these groups.

Scheme of thematic groups of candy names.

1.Flora. This group includes the names of plants and flowers: “Barberry”, “Cornflower”, “Chamomile”, “Red Poppy”, “Nuts in Chocolate”, “Mint”.

2. Titles fruit also used in names. By these names we can determine the taste of our candies: “Pineapple”, “Lemon”, “Apricot”, “Prunes in chocolate”, “Orange”.

3. Animal world. This group is represented by the names of animals and birds: “Teddy Bear”, “Swallow”, “Bear in the North”, “Squirrel”, “Cow”. vocabulary candy lexical

4. Candies, the names of which include different geographical names. By some of the names, we can easily determine the place where this candy was made: “Chelyabinskie”, “Native Spaces”, “Kuibyshevskie”, “Karakum”, “Moskvichka”.

5.SkazkA. This group is one of the most common names among Russian candies. Since the candies are mainly aimed at children, fairy-tale characters are used in the names of this group: “Golden Scallop Cockerel”, “Little Red Riding Hood”, “Gulliver”, “Golden Key”, “Masha and the Bear”, etc.

6.Natural phenomena, seasons.“Spring”, “Taste of Summer”, “Meteor”, “Sea”, “Blizzard”, “Snowball”, “Sun”.

4. Russian language on candy wrappers

All the names of sweets (candy wrappers) we have considered can be classified according to the following criteria:

1. composition

2. by lexical meaning

3. according to morphological characteristics

I noticed that the names of the candies consist of one or more words. Having examined monosyllabic names, I found out that they are divided into nouns and adjectives, both singular and plural. And also, they are masculine, feminine and neuter.

Cornflower - noun, singular. h., husband r

Daisies - noun, plural. h

Mint - adjective, singular, f.r.

Lemon - adjective, plural.

Sunshine - noun, singular, s.r.

It's more fun to study vocabulary using candy wrappers. Each name contains its own meaning.

Cornflower - meadow flower

Spring is the time of year,

Meteorite - cosmic body,

There are also phrases in the names of sweets.

Most often it is a noun and an adjective:

“Golden Cockerel”, “Little Red Riding Hood”, “Golden Key” and others.

Less common are phrases where a noun and a noun are in the genitive case: “Taste of Summer.”

Conclusion

All the names of candies that I have studied are essentially parts of speech that we have already studied in Russian lessons.

The names are extremely varied: it can be a word or phrases.

The names of candies can be combined into thematic groups.

Each name has its own meaning.

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Ritter Sport

A well-known brand of chocolate, which is produced in Germany and sold all over the world. Each type of Ritter Sport chocolate bar is square in shape and divided into 16 small squares. "Ritter Sport" has 28 types of chocolate, which are packaged in different colors. The product from a German manufacturer is of the highest quality, as it is made from natural ingredients.

Snickers

Snickers brand chocolate is produced by the American manufacturer Mars Incorporated and is very popular among our compatriots. The bar contains roasted peanuts (seeds, hazelnuts, almonds), caramel and nougat, and is covered with milk chocolate on top. Today, sales of the beloved candy bar reach $2 billion per year.

Milka

Delicious milk chocolate of the Milka brand is produced by Kraft Foods (now Mondelēz International). The first chocolate bar with this brand was released back in 1901. Since then, many of us have tried quality chocolate bars with raisins, nuts and other ingredients. The chocolate packaging is decorated with an image of a purple cow, which has become the symbol of the company.

Alpen Gold

Alpen Gold chocolate (Alpen Gold) is a variety of tastes, high quality and a very affordable cost of the product. This brand occupies a leading position among the world's chocolate manufacturers. The company produces both dark and milk chocolate. There are also interesting options for bars with peanuts and corn flakes, with strawberries and yogurt, with cookies and raisins, etc.

Twix

The most popular brands of chocolate include the Twix bar. It consists of two strips, each of which contains cookies and caramel inside and is covered with a layer of milk chocolate. This product was originally called Raider and was produced in the UK (from 1968 to 1979). Later, the American manufacturer gave the bar a new name. Despite this, in many European countries Twix chocolate bar is sold under the Raider brand.

Lindt

The Swiss chocolate manufacturer offers its customers only truly high-quality products. Dark and milk chocolate are available in regular and gift packaging. This manufacturer also produces Lindt brand dark chocolate with 99% cocoa content. Only true lovers will appreciate this product.

Ferrero Rocher

Round chocolates are packaged in a very beautiful box and are perfect as a delicious gift. The Italian manufacturer has created real luxury: Ferrero Rocher candy contains a whole hazelnut and a thin wafer with nut cream. The “ball” is covered in milk chocolate with chopped hazelnuts. The product is quite high in calories - the candy hidden behind the gilded wrapper contains 69 kcal.

KitKat

KitKat chocolate bars are produced by the American company Nestle. The sweet product combines waffles with a layer of nut-cream filling and a milk chocolate coating. Many buyers prefer Kit Kat for its delicate and pleasant taste. Available in various volumes: from one to several bars per package.

“The highest quality at an affordable price” is the motto of the factory that produces delicious product called "Russian Chocolate". It is extremely popular in Russia. There are several types of porous chocolate of this brand: white, milk and black. White chocolate of the “Russian Chocolate” brand, due to its porous structure, acquires a very interesting taste.

Bounty

The name of such a brand of chocolates as Bounty means “generosity”. Indeed, a large amount of coconut pulp was very generously put into the chocolate bar. The top is covered with high-quality milk chocolate. Bounty bars are produced by Mars Incorporated.

Traditional milk chocolate Chaika with the addition of roasted grated nuts. The product contains a minimum amount of cocoa - 33%. Popular chocolate bars are produced by the Ukrainian company Roshen. Package blue with the image of a seagull is familiar to both grandmothers and children.

Aero

Traditional aerated chocolate Aero (Aero) in the form of a small bar. Produced under the Nestle brand. Due to large quantity chocolate bubbles just melt in your mouth. Milk chocolate is very popular.

Alenka

Alenka milk chocolate, which was produced back in the USSR (since 1965). Now produced in Russia by the Red October factory. A distinctive feature of this tile is its creamy “fat” taste. The chocolate packaging depicts a chubby-cheeked girl in a headscarf.

Milky Way

Another popular product from the famous manufacturer Mars Incorporated. The bar contains caramel and light chocolate nougat, covered with a layer of milk chocolate. Recently, Milky Way with strawberry flavor has also become popular.

Nuts

This is the only chocolate bar on the Russian market with whole hazelnuts. The delicious sweet also includes delicate nougat, sticky caramel and chocolate. Nuts has been produced in Russia since 1996. Now it can be purchased in three formats: a 50-gram or 60-gram bar, as well as a multi-pack (consists of 5 chocolates, 30 grams each).

Mars

The Mars chocolate bar, produced by the American company Mars Incorporated, was first released back in 1932. Since then he has millions of fans. The main ingredients of the bar are nougat and high-quality milk chocolate.

Ristora

The famous brand of hot chocolate is produced by an Italian manufacturer, which guarantees the high quality of its product. The product is an instant drink based on cocoa powder. The result is tasty and aromatic hot chocolate brand Ristora, which has a unique and rich taste.

Every confectionery manufacturer has a variety of chocolate options: white, milk and dark. Some companies also produce products with various fillers. To find “your” chocolate, you will have to work hard and eat an enormous amount of sweets!